Capsular contracture

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
breast implants
.

Capsular contracture is a response of the

complications from breast implants and artificial joint
prosthetics.

The occurrence of capsular contraction follows the formation of capsules of tightly woven

artificial pacemakers, orthopedic prostheses; biological protection by isolation and toleration. Capsular contracture occurs when the collagen-fiber capsule shrinks, tightens and compresses the breast implant, much like the collapse of a bubble gum bubble.[1] It is a medical complication that can be painful and discomforting, and might distort the aesthetics of the breast implant and the breast. Although the cause of capsular contracture is unknown, factors common to its incidence include bacterial contamination, rupture of the breast-implant shell, leakage of the silicone-gel filling, and hematoma
.

Moreover, because capsular contracture is a consequence of the immune system defending the patient's bodily integrity and health, it might recur, even after the requisite corrective surgery for the initial incidence. The degree of an incidence of capsular contracture is graded using the four-grade Baker scale:

  • Grade I — the breast is normally soft and appears natural in size and shape
  • Grade II — the breast is a little firm, but appears normal
  • Grade III — the breast is firm and appears abnormal
  • Grade IV — the breast is hard, painful to the touch, and appears abnormal

The surgical implantation methods that have reduced capsular contracture include submuscular breast implant placement, using either textured or polyurethane-coated implants,[2][3][4] limited handling of the implants, minimal contact with the chest wall skin before their insertions, and irrigating the surgical sites with triple-antibiotic solutions.[5][6] The use of macrotextured implants and polyurethene-coated implants may increase the risk of BIA-ALCL, a rare form of lymphoma associated to the presence of breast implants.[7][8]

The correction of capsular contracture might require the surgical removal (release) of the capsule, or the removal, and possible replacement, of the breast implant, itself. Closed capsulotomy (disrupting the capsule via external manipulation), a once-common maneuver for treating hard capsules, was discontinued because it might rupture the breast implant. Non-surgical methods of treating capsules include massage, external

ultrasound,[9] treatment with leukotriene pathway inhibitors (e.g. Accolate, Singulair),[10][11] and pulsed electromagnetic field therapy.[12]

Removed Breast Implant & Capsular Contracture Scar Tissue
Image taken after a capsular contracture scar tissue removal surgery, showing the removed implant and removed tissue capsule.[13]

The

medical complications suffered by breast implantation surgery patients. In March 2000, at a Food and Drug Administration presentation, the Mentor report indicated that 43 per cent of patients with saline breast implants reported medical complications occurring within three years of the surgery; moreover, 10 per cent of that percentage group complained of capsular contracture.[citation needed
]

Sources

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-9857249-3-1
  2. S2CID 35420582
    .
  3. S2CID 29643167
    .
  4. PMID 19338905
    .
  5. S2CID 39767802
    .
  6. S2CID 40441977
    .
  7. ^ "Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)". Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
  8. PMID 31738381
    .
  9. S2CID 2784003
    .
  10. PMID 19331987
    .
  11. S2CID 251008
    .
  12. S2CID 8451166
    .
  13. ^ "Beverly Hills Capsular Contracture Surgery Information". Dr John Diaz, MD - Los Angeles Plastic Surgeon. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
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