Carl Gustaf Wrangel

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Field Marshal, Lord High Admiral, Lord High Constable
CommandsCommander-in-chief of the Swedish army in Germany
Battles / wars
Other work
Governor-General of Swedish Pomerania
Chancellor of the University of Greifswald
Supreme Judge in the Uppland
Signature
Engraving of Carl Gustaf Wrangel

Second Northern and Scanian
Wars.

A

Ekebyhov, Gripenberg and Rostorp".[2][nb 1]

From 1658, Wrangel was Supreme judge in Uppland, and in 1660, he became Chancellor of the University of Greifswald. He held several estates, primarily in the Dominions of Sweden, where he constructed representative mansions: Wrangelsburg, in Pomerania, still bears his name.

Wrangel is part of the

Charles X Gustav of Sweden
.

Family

He was born near

Baltic German
origin, branches of which settled in Sweden, Russia and Germany.

Wrangel married Anna Margareta von Haugwitz (died 20 March 1673),[3] who bore him eleven children, six of whom died very young.[4] These five children reached adulthood:

  • Carl Philipp Wrangel (died 13 April 1668 in London)[4]
  • Margareta Juliana Wrangel (born 4 November 1642 during the siege of Leipzig, married to Nils Brahe the Younger, nephew of Per Brahe the Younger, on 21 December 1660)[4]
  • Polidora Christiana Wrangel (born 6 November 1655 in Spyker, married to Leonard Johan Wirtenberg von Debern, son of Arvid Wittenberg, in the summer of 1673)[4]
  • Eleonora Sophia Wrangel (born 31 August 1651 in Wolgast,[4] married to Ernst Ludwig Freiherr von Putbus on 7 April 1678)[5]
  • Augusta Aurora Wrangel (born 15 January 1658 in just conquered
    Frederiksodde,[4] died unmarried and without issue on 27 January 1699)[6]

Under Queen Christina

At the age of 20, he distinguished himself as a cavalry captain in the Thirty Years' War. Three years later, he became colonel, and in 1638, he became major-general, still serving in Germany. In 1644, during the Torstenson War, he commanded a fleet at sea that defeated the Danes at Fehmarn on 23 October.[7]

In 1646, he returned to Germany as a

Käkisalmi province) in northern Karelia, Finland, and he later augmented his lands with Barony of Lindeberg, in Halland
.

Under King Charles X Gustav

Before Christina's abdication, Wrangel was already a close friend and trusted advisor of her successor, King

Battle of Leipzig (1642), and when Wrangel's oldest daughter was born during the siege, Charles X Gustav became her godparent.[8] Charles X Gustav created Wrangel freiherr of Ludenhof and Lord High Admiral, a special favour since Charles X Gustav left most of Sweden's highest offices vacant.[9]

Wrangel's wife, Anna Margareta von Haugwitz. Skokloster Castle.
Wrangel on horseback, 1652. Klöcker Ehrenstrahl. Skokloster Castle.

When the

Frederick William I of Brandenburg in the three-day Battle of Warsaw (1656). In 1657, he invaded Jutland, and in 1658, he passed over the ice into the islands and took Kronborg.[7] In 1659, Wrangel conquered Langeland. In May, he initially led a Swedish siege of Nakskov, but was replaced by Gustaf Otto Stenbock to defend Funen.[10] It was on this island where he successfully defended from a landing attempt on 26 June.[11] During the siege of Stettin in 1659, he sent reinforcements to the Swedish garrison.[12]

When Charles X Gustav died at the end of the war, Wrangel participated in organising the obsequies and composed the melody to a lament.[13] Also in 1660, Wrangel became chancellor of the University of Greifswald; he had been made supreme judge in Uppland Province two years earlier.[2]

Under King Charles XI

In 1664, he was appointed

Bremen for the Swedish crown but was not successful. On 15 November 1666, he was forced to make peace and concluded the Treaty of Habenhausen. During the Scanian War, Wrangel commanded ineffectively because of his broken health and was recalled after his stepbrother, Baron Waldemar von Wrangel (1641–1675), had been defeated at Fehrbellin during the Swedish invasion of Brandenburg.[7]

Illness and death

The hardships and injuries that Wrangel suffered during his multiple campaigns, combined with unhealthy eating habits, led to Wrangel suffering from several acute and chronic illnesses for most of his life,

Langenschwalbach in July 1662 and Pyrmont in the summer of 1668 but without ever completely recovering.[2] In 1674, he broke down "like dead" from two strikes of hypervolemia, and his chronic diseases made it nearly impossible for him to fulfill the tasks of commanding the Swedish forces in the Scanian War.[3]

Shortly afterwards, on 25 June

Skokloster.[14]

Landowner and builder

In

Saatzig, in Farther Pomerania, was exchanged for the already-mentioned Klein Jasmund, Polkvitz, Rushvitz and Wostevitz in 1653, when Farther Pomerania fell to Brandenburg.[18]

In

Skokloster in Uppland, and Rostorp and Säby in Småland. In Halland, Wrangel held the county of Lindeberg.[23] In Bremen-Verden, he held Amt Bremervörde.[24]

Wrangel built

Skokloster, Spyker, Stralsund, Wrangelsburg.[25] Wrangelsburg bears his name since it was renamed by him from "Vorwerk" on 19 September 1653.[19] His favourite and grandest castle was Skokloster Castle
, in Uppland, in which he created substantial collections of art and expensive weapons and exotic items.

Notes

  1. ^ In 1666, he was still addressed Count of Salmis in the Treaty of Habenhausen: "Carl Gustav Wrangel / dero Königl. Maytt. und Reiche Schweden Rath / ReichsMarsch / wie auch General-Stadthalter in Pommern / und OberLandtRichter in Uplandt / Graff zu Salmis / FreyHerr zu Lindenberg und Lüdenhoff / Her: zu SchogKloster / BremerVöhrde / Wrangelsburg / Spieker / Eckebyhoff und Greiffenberg". "FriedensSchluss, Welcher Zwischen Dero Königl. Maytt. zu Schweden u. PLENIPOTENTIARIO, Und ReichsFeldtHerrn, (tit.) Herrn Carl Gustav Wrangels Hoch-Gräflicher Excellentz, Eines, und Herrn Burgermeisteren, Rath, und gemeiner Burgerschafft der Stadt BREMEN, Anderen Theils, gemachet ist im HauptQuartier zu Habenhausen, für Bremen, den 15. Novembris, Anno 1666" (in Estonian and German). Tartu: Ajalooarhiiv. The Estonian Historical Archives. p. 2. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2009.

References

  1. ^ Chisholm (1911), p. 838.
  2. ^ a b c d Asmus (2003), p.195
  3. ^ a b c Asmus (2003), p.196
  4. ^ a b c d e f Asmus (2003), p.197
  5. ^ a b c d Asmus (2003), p.201
  6. ^ Asmus (2003), p.221
  7. ^ a b c d Chisholm (1911), p. 839.
  8. ^ a b Asmus&Tenhaef (2006), p.69
  9. ^ a b c Asmus&Tenhaef (2006), p.70
  10. ^ Barkman, Lundkvist & Tersmeden 1966, pp. 391–398.
  11. ^ Bonnesen 1924, p. 553.
  12. ^ von Essen 2023, pp. 380–381.
  13. ^ Asmus&Tenhaef (2006), pp.83–84
  14. ^ Asmus (2003), p.202
  15. ^ Wartenberg (2008), p.213
  16. ^ a b c d e Asmus (2003), p.217
  17. ^ a b c d Asmus (2003), p.209
  18. ^ a b Asmus (2003), p.203
  19. ^ a b c d e Asmus (2003), p.204
  20. ^ Asmus (2003), p.210
  21. ^ Asmus (2003), pp.206–209
  22. ^ Asmus (2003), p.205
  23. ^ Asmus (2003), p.206
  24. ^ a b Asmus (2003), p.200
  25. ^ Asmus (2003), p.198

Sources
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