Caspian Flotilla

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For other uses, see Caspian Flotilla (disambiguation).
Caspian Flotilla
Russian: Каспийская флотилия
Kaspiyskaya flotiliya
Sergey Pinchuk
The Caspian Sea

The Caspian Flotilla (Russian: Каспийская флотилия, tr. Kaspiyskaya flotiliya) is the flotilla of the Russian Navy in the Caspian Sea.

Established in November 1722 by the order of Tsar

Russian Federation
.

The Caspian Flotilla's headquarters are in Astrakhan, but were historically in Baku (now in Azerbaijan) from 1867 until 1991, with additional facilities in Makhachkala (HQ being moved there)[1] and Kaspiysk.[2] The current commander is Rear Admiral Aleksandr Peshkov.

Establishment

The Caspian Flotilla (CF) was created in November 1722 in

Persian Expedition of 1796. As a result of the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813, the CF remained the only military flotilla in the Caspian Sea. Baku became its main base
in 1867.

Revolution

As the situation on the Caspian Sea stabilized the number of ships in the CF began to decrease. By the beginning of the 20th century, it had two gunboats and a few armed steamers. The sailors of the CF were actively engaged in the revolutionary movement in Baku in 1903–1905 and establishment of the Soviet authority in 1917 in that region.

In order to provide assistance to the

counterrevolutionary Centrocaspian Dictatorship in August 1918 and later regained by the Soviets after the overthrow of the Musavat
government.

Soviet era

In July 1919, the Astrakhan-Caspian Military Flotilla was combined with the

auxiliary cruisers
, ten torpedo boats, four submarines and other ships.

Together with the Caspian Fleet, there was the Red Fleet of the Soviet Azerbaijan, stationed in Baku, as well. Both fleets completed the conquest of the Caspian Sea from the White Army. In July 1920, Caspian and Azerbaijani fleets were combined into the Naval Forces of the Caspian Sea (Морские Силы Каспийского моря, or Morskiye Sily Kaspiyskogo morya) and would later be renamed to the Caspian Flotilla on June 27, 1931.

During the

Lend Lease were shipped to the USSR via the Persian Corridor
and the Caspian Sea).

During the

ekranoplanes.[citation needed
]

Post-Soviet era

Following the

Turkmen-Russian force based at Astrakhan
.

Among the Flotilla's units, from 2000, has been a new

Gepard class frigate
sent to it from Chukotka and the Northern Fleet, respectively.

The brigade was to have helicopters added to it, according to the June 2000 report. The Brigade's full name was the 77th Detached Guards Moscow-Chernigov Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov Marine Brigade. It was disbanded in 2009.[5]

The brigade comprised a headquarters at Kaspiysk; the 414th Detached Naval Infantry Battalion (Kaspiysk); the 725th Detached Naval Infantry Battalion (Kaspiysk); the 727th Detached Naval Infantry Battalion (Astrakhan); the 1200th Detached Reconnaissance Battalion (Kaspiysk); the 1408th Independent Howitzer Artillery Battalion; the 1409th Independent Howitzer Artillery Battalion; the 975th Detached Naval Infantry Battalion (Kaspiysk); the 1387th Detached Air Defence Missile and Artillery Battalion; and the 530th Detached Electronic Countermeasures Company.

Also, the flotilla has received 3 new

Buyan-class stealth type river gunboats built by the St. Petersburg Almaz shipyard.[6]

On November 13 and 23, 2009, there were two separate sets of explosions at the 31st Arsenal of the Caspian Sea Flotilla, an ammunition depot, in Ulyanovsk. Ten servicemen died.[7] The depot was to be closed.

The first Russian warship equipped with the Caliber missile system entered service with Caspian Flotilla in 2012.

ISIL in Syria.[citation needed
]

Up to 2020, further enhancements in the capabilities of the Caspian Flotilla were announced. In 2019, it was announced that an aviation component would be added to its capabilities involving the deployment of

4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army (HQ: Rostov-on-Don) in the Southern Military District.[10] In 2020, the deployment of the Bal coastal defence missile system with the Flotilla was also announced.[11]

The ships of the Caspian flotilla parade in Astrakhan in 2012

As of 2016, 85 percent of the Caspian Flotilla consists of modern ships and vessels. In 2014–2015, Flotilla received 3 Buyan-M missile corvettes, one modernized frigate and auxiliary vessels.

Sergey Pinchuk.[13]

In Dagestan, a regiment of the marine infantry was formed on December 1, 2018, as part of the Caspian Flotilla of the Southern Military District (YuVO).

To date, the new formation is fully staffed with modern weapons and military equipment, including BTR-82A armored personnel carriers, 120-mm self-propelled mortars 2S9 Nona, 122-mm howitzers D-30, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) "Eleron" and "Orlan".[14]

On March 20, 2022, the Russian Defense Ministry claimed that ships of the CFL had fired Kalibr-class cruise missiles at a Ukrainian fuel and lubricant depot in Kostiantynivka, Mykolaiv Oblast, supported by air-launched Kh-47M2 Kinzhal hypersonic missiles.[15]

On 17 June 2022, a photo emerged of the ship

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[16][17]

Ships in service

References

  1. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Завершился первый этап перебазирования Каспийской флотилии в Махачкалу".
  2. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / На Каспийской флотилии завершено обустройство нового причального фронта".
  3. ^ AVN Military News Agency, 'Chief of Staff Supervising Marine Brigade formation', June 5, 2000
  4. ^ Feskov et al. 2004
  5. ^ Бригаду морской пехоты заменят два батальона (in Russian)
  6. ^ "21630 Buyan Small Artillery Ship | Russian Military Analysis". Warfare.be. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
  7. ^ "Major fire at Russia arms depot". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
  8. ^ "Caspian Flotilla Commissions New Corvette".
  9. ^ "Russia's Caspian Flotilla Gains an Air Arm". RealClearDefense. May 29, 2019.
  10. ^ "Russia's Military Capabilities in the Caspian".
  11. ^ "Russian Caspian Flotilla Receiving Bal Missile System". January 30, 2020.
  12. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Каспийская флотилия на 85% оснащена новыми кораблями и судами".
  13. ^ Контр-адмирал Пинчук назначен на должность командующего Каспийской флотилией [Rear Admiral Pinchuk appointed Caspian Flotilla commander]. TASS (in Russian). September 20, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
  14. ^ "На Каспийской флотилии сформирован полк морской пехоты : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации".
  15. ^ "«Калибры», выпущенные с Каспия, уничтожили топливный склад на Украине". AiF (in Russian). March 20, 2022. Retrieved April 17, 2022.
  16. ^ "Russian Buyan-M Corvette Sustained Significant Damage by Ukrainian Drone Strikes". Global Defense Corp. June 26, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
  17. ^ "Російський ракетний корабель, що був пошкоджений ЗСУ, помітили при буксируванні Волгою". Militarnyi (in Ukrainian). December 17, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
  18. ^ a b "Russian Navy warships hold drills in Caspian Sea".
  19. ^ "Замглавы ОСК Королев: новейшие достижения науки в первую очередь реализуются на флоте".
  20. ^ "Coastal minesweeper - Project 1265".
  21. ^ a b "The crews of the Russian Navy and the Kazakh Navy successfully completed tasks during a joint exercise in the Caspian Sea : Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation".
  22. ^ "Inshore minesweeper - Project 10750".
  23. ^ "Inshore minesweepers - Project 1258".
  24. ^ "Anti-saboteur boats - Project 21980".
  25. ^ "Patrol boats - Project 03160".

External links

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