Central European mixed forests
Central European mixed forests | |
---|---|
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest | |
Borders | List
|
Geography | |
Area | 727,269 km2 (280,800 sq mi) |
Countries | List
|
Coordinates | 52°23′N 23°06′E / 52.383°N 23.100°E |
Conservation | |
Conservation status | critical/endangered |
Protected | 19.86%[1] |
The Central European mixed forests
Location and description
The ecoregion covers the formerly-glaciated central plains of Central Europe, from eastern
Climate
The portions of the ecoregion in Germany and western Poland have a climate that is classified as Marine west coast (Cfb). The eastern part has a climate of Humid continental climate, warm summer (Köppen climate classification (Dfb)). This climate is characterized by large seasonal temperature differentials and a warm summer (at least four months averaging over 10 °C (50 °F), but no month averaging over 22 °C (72 °F).[4][5] The summers become hotter and the winters colder as you move east across the ecoregion, due to the movement towards the center of the continent ("continentality"). The mean January temperature is −1 °C (30 °F) in Germany to −6 °C (21 °F) in Belarus. Precipitation average between 500 mm and 700 mm, mostly falling during the summer growing season.[3]
Flora and fauna
Oak forests are characteristic throughout the region, with some pine forests in the north. Forest cover ranges from 15% in Ukraine to 33% in the Czech Republic.
European bison
The
Protected areas
The Central European mixed forests has been affected heavily by human activity.
19.86% of the ecoregion is in protected areas.[1] Most protected areas are small and fragmented. Some of the large, or more representative, protected areas in the ecoregion include:
- Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park / Białowieża National Park, are the Belarus and Polish sides, respectively of the side of the Białowieża (Area: 1,500 km2 / 150 km2)
- Białowieża Forest (Belarus, Poland), the last large fragment of Old-growth forest that used to stretch across the European Plain. (Area: 3,086 km2)
- Biebrza National Park, the largest national park in Poland, is 25% forested, the remainder is field, meadow, and marsh. (Area: 592 km2)
- Bryansky Les Nature Reserve, is an area of old-growth forest on the eastern tip of the ecoregion in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. (Area: 122 km2)
- Chernobyl Radiation and Ecological Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine (2,269 km2)
- Cozia National Park, Romania (167.25 km2)
- Drawieński National Park, Poland (113.65 km2)
- Hainich National Park, Germany (75.13 km2)
- Kampinoski National Park, Poland (384.59 km2)
- Lower Polissia National Nature Park, in northwestern Ukraine, is representative of the Polesia area of Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. (Area: 88 km2)
- Elbe Riverin Saxon-Anhalt, Germany, covering the largest river-meadow complex in Middle Europe. (Area: 430 km2)
- Narew river, exemplifying a Braided river. (Area: 78 km2)
- Ojcowski National Park, Poland (21.56 km2)
- Orlovskoye Polesye National Park, Poland (842.05 km2)
- Podolskie Tovtry National Park, Ukraine (2613.16 km2)
- Podyjí National Park, Czech Republic (62.79 km2)
- Poleski National Park, Poland (97.7 km2)
- Prypyatskiy National Park, Belarus (634.58 km2)
- Roztoczański National Park, Poland (84.76 km2)
- Shatskiy National Park, Ukraine (325.15 km2)
- Świętokrzyski National Park, Poland (76.35 km2)
- Thayatal National Park, Austria (13.26 km2)
- Ujście Warty National Park, Poland (80.78 km2)
- Lower Oder Valley National Park, Germany
- Wielkopolski National Park, Poland (75.93 km2)
- Wigierski National Park, Poland (150.94 km2)
- Yavorivskyi National Park, Ukraine (70.78 km2)
- Žuvinto Biosphere Reserve, Lithuania (185.81 km2)
External links
- "Central European mixed forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
References
- ^ a b Central European mixed forests. DOPA Explorer. Accessed 8 October 2022.
- ^ a b c "Central European mixed forest". Ecoregions of the World. GlobalSpecies.org. Archived from the original on August 22, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "PA0412: Central Europe: Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldovia, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine". World Wildlife Federation. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
- ^ Kottek, M.; Grieser, J.; Beck, C.; Rudolf, B.; Rubel, F. (2006). "World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated" (PDF). Gebrüder Borntraeger 2006. Retrieved September 14, 2019.
- ^ "Dataset - Koppen climate classifications". World Bank. Retrieved September 14, 2019.
- .
- ^ "Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
- ^ ISBN 92-871-5549-6, 978-92-871-5549-8
- ^ "Large herbivores". European bison (Bison bonasus). WWF Global. November 13, 2005. Archived from the original (Internet Archive) on August 13, 2006. Retrieved January 22, 2013.