Claudio Naranjo
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2023) |
Claudio Naranjo | |
---|---|
Born | Claudio Benjamín Naranjo Cohen 24 November 1932 Valparaíso, Chile |
Died | 12 July 2019 Berkeley, California | (aged 86)
Occupations |
|
Employer | University of Chile |
Spouses | Lillian Elena Baettig Rodríguez, Marilyn _____, Suzana Stroke |
Children | 1 |
Website | claudionaranjo |
Claudio Benjamín Naranjo Cohen (24 November 1932 – 12 July 2019) was a Chilean psychiatrist who is considered a pioneer in integrating psychotherapy and the spiritual traditions. He was one of the three successors named by
Early life and education
Naranjo was born in Valparaíso, Chile. He grew up in a musical environment and after an early start at the piano he studied musical composition. Shortly after entrance to medical school, he stopped composing as he became more involved in philosophical interests. Important influences from this time were Chilean visionary sculptor, philosopher and poet Tótila Albert Schneider (1892-1967), poet David Rosenmann-Taub, and Polish philosopher Bogumił Jasinowski (1883-1969).
Career
After graduating as a medical doctor in 1959, Naranjo was hired by the University of Chile Medical School to form part of a pioneering studies center in medical anthropology (CEAM) (Centro de Antropología Médica), founded by professor of physiology Franz Hoffmann (1902-1981). At the same time, he served his psychiatry residency at the University Psychiatry Clinic under the direction of Ignacio Matte Blanco.
Involved in research on the effects of traditional medical education, Naranjo traveled briefly to the United States during a mission assigned by the University of Chile to explore the field of perceptual learning. It is at that time that he became acquainted with the work of Samuel Renshaw and Hoyt Sherman at the Ohio State University.
In 1962, Naranjo was at
After another period at the University of Chile Medical School's Center of Medical Anthropology Studies and at the Instituto de Psicología,Aplicada Naranjo returned once again to Berkeley and to IPAR, where he continued his activities as a research associate. It was during this period of time that he became an apprentice of
In the years that led up to his becoming a key figure at Esalen, Naranjo received additional training and supervision from Jim Simkin in Los Angeles and attended sensory awareness workshops with Charlotte Selver. He became Carlos Castaneda's close friend and became part of Leo Zeff's pioneering psychedelic therapy group (1965–66). These meetings resulted in Naranjo’s contribution of the use of harmaline, MDA, and ibogaine.
In the 1960s, Naranjo introduced ibogaine and harmaline into psychotherapy as a "fantasy enhancing drug."[4]
In 1969 he was sought out as a consultant for the Education Policy Research Center, created by
The accidental death of his only son in 1970 marked a turning-point in his life. Naranjo set off on a six-month pilgrimage under the guidance of
According to
In 1976, Naranjo was a visiting professor at the Santa Cruz campus of the University of California for two semesters and later intermittently at the California Institute of Asian Studies. He also began to offer workshops in Europe, refining aspects of the mosaic of approaches in the SAT program.
In 1987, he began the reborn SAT Institute in Spain for personal and professional development, with its program that includes Gestalt therapy and its supervision, applications of the Enneagram of Personality, interpersonal meditation, music as a therapeutic resource and as an extension of meditation, guided self-insight and communication processes. Since then, the SAT program has extended to Italy, Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina and more recently to France and Germany.
Since the late 1980s, Naranjo had divided each year between his activities abroad and his writing at home in Berkeley. Among his many publications, he revised an early book on Gestalt therapy and published two new ones. He published three books on the Enneagram of Personality, as well as The End of Patriarchy, which is his interpretation of social problems as the expression of a devaluation of the nurturance and human instinct and their solution in the harmonious development of our "three brained" potential. He also published a book on meditation, The Way of Silence and the Talking Cure, and Songs of Enlightenment on the interpretation of the great books of the West as expressions of "the inner journey" and variations on the "tale of the hero".
In 1990, the
From the 1990s and onward, Naranjo attended many education conferences and sought to influence the transformation of the educational system in various countries. His book Changing Education to Change the World published in Spanish in 2004, was meant to stimulate the efforts of teachers among SAT graduates who are beginning to be involved in a SAT-in- Education project, that offers the staff of schools and the students in schools of education a "supplementary curriculum" of self-knowledge, relationship-repair and spiritual culture.
In 2006 the Foundation Claudio Naranjo was founded to implement his proposals regarding the transformation of traditional education into an education that does not neglect the human development that he believed our social evolution depends on.
His 2010 book, Healing Civilization: Bringing Personal Transformation into the Societal Realm through Education and the Integration of the Intra-Psychic Family, is both a continuation of and a turning point in Naranjo's lifelong work. In this book, with a foreword by Jean Houston, Naranjo explored what he saw as the root cause of the destruction of human civilization (as evidenced in the 2000s (decade) as war, violence, oppression of women, child abuse, environmental endangerment, etc.)—patriarchy—and brought both the problem and the solution home to an intra-psychic level.
Watkins Mind Body Spirit magazine listed Naranjo as one of the 100 Most Spiritually Influential Living People of 2012.[13]
Writings
- On the Psychology of Meditation. New York: Viking Press. 1971. ISBN 0-14-004420-5.
- The One Quest. New York: Viking Press. 1972. ISBN 0-89556-161-1.
- The Healing Journey: New Approaches to Consciousness. New York: Pantheon Books. 1974. ISBN 0-394-48826-1.
- Techniques of Gestalt Therapy. Gestalt Journal. 1980. ISBN 0-939266-00-8.
- How To Be: Meditation in Spirit and Practice. J. P. Tarcher. 1989. ISBN 0-87477-548-5.
- Ennea-type Structures: Self-Analysis for the Seeker. Gateways/IDHHB Inc. 1990. ISBN 0-89556-063-1.
- Gestalt Therapy. Gateways/IDHHB Inc. 1993. ISBN 0895560909.
- Character and Neurosis. Gateways/IDHHB Inc. 1994. ISBN 0-89556-066-6.
- The End of Patriarchy. Amber Lotus. 1994. ISBN 1-56937-065-6.
- Enneatypes and Psychotherapy. Hohm Press. 1995. ISBN 0-934252-47-5.
- Transformation Through Insight: Enneatypes in Life, Literature, and Clinical Practice. Hohm Press. 1997.
- The Divine Child and the Hero. Gateways/IDHHB Publishers. 1999. ISBN 0-89556-109-3.
- The Enneagram of Society. Gateways Books & Tapes. 2005. ISBN 0-89556-159-X.
- The Way of Silence and the Talking Cure. Blue Dolphin Pub. 2006. ISBN 1-57733-140-0.
- Healing Civilization: Bringing Personal Transformation into the Societal Realm through Education and the Integration of the Intra-Psychic Family. Rose Press. 2010. ISBN 978-0-89556-163-3.
- Changing Education to Change the World: A New Vision of Schooling. Gateways Books & Tapes. 2016. ISBN 978-0895561602.
References
- ^ a b Effross (2003).
- ^ "Claudio Naranjo, M.D." Bluedophinpublishing.com. Blue Dolphin Publishing. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ISBN 0-89556-066-6.
- ISBN 978-089281978-2.
- ISBN 9780394488264.
- ^ "Dr Claudio Naranjo". Naranjoinstitute.org.uk. The Naranjo Institute. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ Effross (2003), p. 516.
- ^ a b Effross (2003), p. 517.
- ^ Effross (2003), p. 520.
- ^ Effross (2003), pp. 520–521.
- ^ Effross (2003), pp. 520–528.
- ^ Arica v. Palmer, 970 F 2d 106
- ^ "Watkins' Spiritual 100 List for 2012". Watkins Mind Body Spirit. No. 29. 2012. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
Works cited
- Effross, Walter A. (2003). "Owning Enlightenment: Proprietary Spirituality in the 'New Age' Marketplace". Buffalo Law Review. 51 (3).