Coluna Prestes
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Prestes Column | |||||||
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Part of Tenentism | |||||||
The column's command[a] | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Prestes Column
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Luís Carlos Prestes Miguel Costa | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
1,500 | 14,000—20,000 soldiers | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
600 | Unknown |
The Coluna Prestes, also known as Coluna Miguel Costa-Prestes, in English Prestes Column, was a social rebel movement that broke out in Brazil between 1925 and 1927, with links to the
Uprising
On 5 July 1924, on the second anniversary of the "18 of the Copacabana Fort revolt", armed revolt exploded in São Paulo. The Tenentes (English: lieutenants), young army officers that were deeply dissatisfied with the country's political and social landscape, under the command of General Isidoro Dias Lopes, occupied large parts of the city. However, they were soon besieged by increasingly numerous federal troops. After 3 weeks under heavy bombardment the rebels abandoned their positions. Filling a train with men and supplies, they retreated into the countryside eventually reaching and occupying the city of Foz do Iguaçu in the state of Paraná, on frontier with Argentina. There the rebels established a powerful defense line, and waited for their enemies, soon to arrive under command of General Cândido Rondon. In support of the revolutionaries similar uprisings broke out in the states of Amazonas and Sergipe, but they were quickly suppressed. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, however, events took another turn.
As it happened, 3 months after the retreat of the Tenentes from the city of São Paulo, numerous army units also rebelled in the cities of
In December 1924 fourteen thousand men loyal to the government marched towards São Luíz Gonzaga and started to fortify positions around the rebels. By then, Prestes had made contact with an envoy of General Isidoro, João Franscico, a veteran of the
Meeting in Foz do Iguaçu
The leaders of the revolution held a meeting in Foz do Iguaçu to discuss their course of action, with General Isidoro manifesting his desire to cease hostilities. The proposal of Miguel Costa and Prestes was victorious: it was decided that the revolutionary action would continue, but a war of movement would be pursued: the column would invade Mato Grosso. The rebel armies were reorganized into the 1st Revolutionary Division numbering 1500 ordinary infantrymen, 800 gaúchos[c] and 700 paulistas.[4]
Exile in Bolivia
Between February and March 1927, after crossing the Pantanal, part of the column led by Siqueira Campos arrived in Paraguay while the rest entered Bolivia. Upon seeing their precarious conditions, General Dias Lopes' instructed the revolutionaries to go into exile. Miguel Costa went to Paso de los Libres while Prestes and two hundred more men headed for Gaiba. On 5 July 1927, the exiles inaugurated a monument in Gaiba in honor of the dead in the column's campaign.[5]
References
Notes
- ^ 1. Djalma S. Dutra; 2. Antônio Siqueira Campos; 3. Luís Carlos Prestes; 4. Miguel Costa; 5. Juarez Távora; 6. João Alberto L. de Barros; 7. Oswaldo Cordeiro de Farias; 8. Ítalo Landucci; 9. Rufino Corrêa; 10. Sady V. Machado; 11. Manoel de Lyra; 12. Nelson de Souza; 13. Ary S. Freire; 14. Paulo Kruger da Cunha Cruz; 15. João Pedro; 16. Emigdio Miranda; 17. Athanagildo França e 18. José D. Pinheiro Machado.
- ^ Demonym used for the inhabitants of the São Paulo state.
- ^ In Brazil "gaúcho" is the demonym used for the inhabitants of the Rio Grande do Sul state.
Citations
- ^ Neto, Lira. Getúlio: dos anos de formação a conquista do poder. Companhia das letras.1º ed. p. 222
- ^ Neto, Lira. Getúlio: dos anos de formação a conquista do poder. Companhia das letras.1º ed. p. 226
- ^ Joffily, Bernardo. Atlas Histórico Brasil 500 anos. Ed. Três. p.99
- ^ Prestes, Anita Leocádia. Uma epopéia brasileira. http://www.revistadehistoria.com.br/secao/artigos/uma-epopeia-brasileira Archived 2016-09-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Coluna Prestes | CPDOC". Archived from the original on 2015-07-29. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
External links
- Artigo, sítio da Fundação Getúlio Vargas.
- PRESTES, Anita Leocádia. A Coluna Prestes- Uma Epopeia Brasileira