Copromorphidae
Copromorphidae | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Infraorder: | Heteroneura |
Clade: | Eulepidoptera |
Clade: | Ditrysia |
Clade: | Apoditrysia |
Superfamily: | Carposinoidea |
Family: | Copromorphidae Meyrick, 1905 |
Genera | |
See text |
Copromorphidae, the "tropical fruitworm moths", is a
extant members of this superfamily (Dugdale et al., 1999). The genus Sisyroxena from Madagascar is also notable for its unusual venation and wing scale
sockets (Dugdale et al., 1999).
Etymology
The word Copromorphidae derives from the Ancient Greek words κόπρος (copros) meaning "excrement" and μορφή (morphe) meaning "shape" or "appearance", a reference to the visual characteristics of the moths' camouflage.
Distribution
These moths are widely distributed except the
temperate region coverage except that the genera Lotisma and Ellabella occur in North America, and the latter also in China (Common, 1990). Over 20 belong to the genus
Copromorpha occurring in Indo-Australia (Dugdale et al., 1999).
Behaviour
Adults are night-flying and attracted to lights.
Caterpillars live between joined leaves, flowers or fruits or bore within stems, and some eat leaves. The larvae pupate
with the silken gallery or descend to the ground and make a cocoon covered in detritus (Dugdale et al., 1999).
Larval hostplants
Coccoidea; Margarodidae) (Dugdale et al., 1999) on the Podocarpaceae species Dacrydium cupressinum[2]
.
Fossils
One fossil taxon is known, Copromorpha fossilis Jarzembowski, 1980 from the "
formation of Oligocene
age, about 35 million years old (Jarzembowski, 1980).
Genera
The position of the enigmatic
Copromorphoidea
.
- Copromorpha Meyrick, 1886
- =TrychnostolaTurner, 1916
- =
- AegidomorphaMeyrick, 1932
- Cathelotis Meyrick, 1926
- DryanassaMeyrick, 1936
- Ellabella Busck, 1925
- =ProbolacmaMeyrick, 1927
- =SpilogenesMeyrick, 1938
- =
- EndothamnaMeyrick, 1922
- Isonomeutis Meyrick, 1888
- Lotisma Busck, 1909
- NeophylarchaMeyrick, 1926
- Ordrupia Busck, 1911
- Osidryas Meyrick, 1916
- =HeterocritaTurner, 1913
- =
- Phanerochersa Meyrick, 1926
- Phycomorpha Meyrick, 1914
- Rhopalosetia Meyrick, 1926
- Rhynchoferella Strand, 1915
- Saridacma Meyrick, 1930
- Syncamaris Meyrick, 1932
- TanymecicaTurner, 1916
Formerly placed here
- PhaulopharaTurner, 1916
References
- Common, I.F.B. (1990). Moths of Australia. Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden. 535 pages.
- Dugdale, J.S., Kristensen, N.P., Robinson, G.S. and Scoble, M.J. (1999). The smaller microlepidoptera grade superfamilies, Ch.13., pp. 217–232 in Kristensen, N.P. (Ed.). Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Volume 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches / Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Band / Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta Teilband / Part 35: 491 pp. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.
- Jarzembowski, E.A. (1980). Fossil, insects from the Bembridge Marls, Palaeogene of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Geology), 33: 237–293.
- Nasu, Y., Saito, T, Furumi Komai, F. (2004). Discovery of the previously unrecorded family Copromorphidae Meyrick (Lepidoptera) in Japan, with description of a new species and autapomorphies for the family Entomological Science, 7 (1): 73–83.
External links
Wikispecies has information related to Copromorphoidea.