Cyclotetradecaheptaene

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Cyclotetradecaheptaene
Names
IUPAC name
(1E,3Z,5E,7Z,9E,11E,13Z)-cyclotetradeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13-heptaene
Other names
[14]Annulene
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/C14H14/c1-2-4-6-8-10-12-14-13-11-9-7-5-3-1/h1-14H/b2-1-,3-1-,4-2+,5-3+,6-4+,7-5+,8-6-,9-7-,10-8+,11-9+,12-10+,13-11+,14-12-,14-13- checkY
    Key: RYQWRHUSMUEYST-ILUIUFOYSA-N checkY
  • C1C=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=1
Properties
C14H14
Molar mass 182.266 g·mol−1
Appearance dark-red needle-like crytals
Insoluble
Solubility in benzene Soluble
Structure[1]
monoclinic
P21/c, No. 14
a = 8.640 Å, b = 4.376 Å, c = 14.997 Å
α = 90°, β = 106°, γ = 90°
2 molecules per cell
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Flammable, reactive
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Cyclotetradecaheptaene, often referred to as [14]annulene, is a hydrocarbon with molecular formula C14H14, which played an important role in the development of criteria (Hückel's rule) for aromaticity, a stabilizing property of central importance in physical organic chemistry. It forms dark-red needle-like crystals.[1]

Structure and aromaticity

Although the conjugated ring of [14]annulene contains 4n+2 electrons, it only exhibits limited evidence for being aromatic. It does not fully conform to Hückel's rule because none of its cis/trans isomers can adopt a completely planar conformation due to crowding of the interior hydrogens.[2] There is evidence that it has two isomeric forms of comparable stability (trans, cis, trans, cis, trans, trans, cis- with four interior hydrogens (shown in the infobox) and trans, cis, trans, cis, trans, cis, cis- with three interior hydrogens) which rapidly interconvert at room temperature but can be observed at low temperature by NMR.[3] Its 1H NMR spectrum shows evidence of aromatic ring currents that result in an upfield shift for the interior hydrogens. In contrast, the corresponding [12]- and [16]annulenes, which are weakly antiaromatic or nonaromatic, have downfield shifted interior hydrogens. However, unlike the undoubtedly aromatic [18]annulene, [14]annulene does not bear the hallmark aromatic property of chemical stability, and it quickly decomposes when exposed to light and air.[4]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.1021/ja00768a058
    .
  2. ^ G. M. Badger. Aromatic Character and Aromaticity. Cambridge University Press. p. 96.
  3. OCLC 14214254.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  4. doi:10.1021/ja01506a061
    .


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