Aqueous solution
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An aqueous solution is a
A non-aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is a liquid, but is not water.[3]
Characteristics
Substances that are
Aqueous solutions may contain, especially in the alkaline zone or subjected to radiolysis, hydrated atomic hydrogen and
Electrolytes
Aqueous solutions that conduct electric current efficiently contain strong electrolytes, while ones that conduct poorly are considered to have weak electrolytes. Those strong electrolytes are substances that are completely ionized in water, whereas the weak electrolytes exhibit only a small degree of ionization in water.[1] The ability for ions to move freely through the solvent is a characteristic of an aqueous strong electrolyte solution. The solutes in a weak electrolyte solution are present as ions, but only in a small amount.[2]
Nonelectrolytes are substances that dissolve in water yet maintain their molecular integrity (do not dissociate into ions). Examples include sugar, urea, glycerol, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM).[citation needed]
Reactions
Reactions in aqueous solutions are usually
A common metathesis reaction in aqueous solutions is a precipitation reaction. This reaction occurs when two aqueous strong electrolyte solutions mix and produce an insoluble solid, also known as a precipitate. The ability of a substance to dissolve in water is determined by whether the substance can match or exceed the strong attractive forces that water molecules generate between themselves. If the substance lacks the ability to dissolve in water, the molecules form a precipitate.[2]
When writing the equations of precipitation reactions, it is essential to determine the precipitate. To determine the precipitate, one must consult a
See also
- Acid–base reaction
- Acidity function
- Dissociation (chemistry)
- Drug permeability
- Inorganic nonaqueous solvent
- List of ions in pure water (aqueous chemistry)
- Metal ions in aqueous solution
- Properties of water
- Solubility
- Solvated electron
References
- ^ ISBN 9780669417944.
- ^ ISBN 0-7167-5701-X.
- ^ "Solutions". Washington University Chemistry Department. Washington University. Archived from the original on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.