Davilla (plant)

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This article is about the plant. For the township in Texas, see Davilla, Texas.

Davilla
Flower and stem of Davilla kunthii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Dilleniales
Family: Dilleniaceae
Genus: Davilla
Vand.
Type species
Davilla rugosa Poir
Synonyms

Hieronia Vell.

Davilla is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Dilleniaceae.[1] It has around 30 neotropical,[2] species and is one of the most diverse genera of lianas, vines, erect or scandent (or climbing) shrubs.[3]

Description

Davilla plants are classed as

lianas or shrubs,[4] and they are similar in form to that of species in Tetracera or Dillenia genus.[5]
Although they can identified from other Dilleniaceae genera plants due to several features; having sepals unequal in size, with the two inner ones larger, becoming crustaceous (having a hard shell) and covering the fruit completely, a paniculate inflorescence and the fruit being a capsule.[3] They are
petals,[4] which are deciduous.[5]
It has numerous
emarginate (notched at the apex) stigmas.[4] The sepals later become leathery and begin enveloping the fruit,[4] and simulating a globose shaped capsule.[5][4] Inside the capsule, are 1-2 smooth seeds which are surrounded by an aril (a membranous or fleshy appendage).[4]

Not much of the

pollinators of Davilla rugosa.[7] Croat in 1978, then verified flowers of Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki were being visited by (stingless bee species) Partamona cupira Smith 1863.[8][2]

Taxonomy

The genus name of Davilla is either named in honour of Pedro Franco Dávila (1711–1786),[9] a Peruvian and Spanish naturalist and collector,[10] or according to George Don in 1831, Henry Catherine Davilla (Enrico Caterino Davila) an Italian historian who died in 1599.[5]

The genus was first published and described by Domenico Vandelli in Fl. Lusit. Brasil. Spec. collation 35 in 1788.[11][12] It was then reprinted in Script. Pl. Hispan. (edited by J.J. Roemer), Vol.115 in 1796.[1]

The type species is Davilla rugosa Poir.[12]

The taxonomy of the genus Davilla was revised in 2012.[13]

Species known

According to Kew;[1]

The genus is accepted by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service, they accept 2 species; Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki and Davilla rugosa Poir.[14]

Distribution and habitat

Its native range is between Mexico and tropical America. It is found in the countries of;

Trinidad-Tobago and Venezuela.[1]

The greatest Davilla species diversity is located in Brazil,[3] up to 12 species can be found in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil.[15]

Habitat

It is found in moist or wet forests,[2] often in hilly pine forests.[16] Also in forest clearings and borders.[2]

It grows at altitudes of 350–450 metres (1,150–1,480 ft) above sea level.[16]

Uses

Davilla elliptica and Davilla nitida as well as

folk medicine to treat diseases such as inflammation and other ulcers.[17]

Threats

Davilla glaziovii Eichler is included on the red list of Brazil, due to habitat loss and predatory extractivism (the extracting natural resources).[15]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Davilla Vand". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  2. ^
    doi:10.1590/S0102-33062011000200024
    .
  3. ^ a b c d A. AYMARD C., Gerardo (June 2002). "A NEW SPECIES OF DAVILLA (DILLENIACEAE) AMONGST THE FLORA OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL". Acta Bot. Venez. (Published in Caracas). 25 (2).
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kubitzki, K. (1971). "Doliocarpus, Davilla and related genera (Dilleniaceae)". Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml (Munich). 9: 1–105.
  5. ^ a b c d e f George Don A general history of the dichlamydeous plants: comprising complete descriptions of the different orders...the whole arranged according to the natural system IV (1831), p. 70, at Google Books
  6. ^ Ducke, 1902, Ein neues Subgenus von Halictus Latr. Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2, 102-103.
  7. ^ Kuhlmann, M.; Kühn, E. (1947). A Flora do Distrito de Ibiti São Paulo. Secretaria da Agricultura, Instituto de Botânica, Serie Botânica.
  8. ^ Croat, T.B. (1978) Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
  9. ^ "Pedro Franco Dávila – The Sloane Letters Project". sloaneletters.com. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  10. S2CID 187926901
    .
  11. ^ "Davilla". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  12. ^ a b "Davilla Vand". Tropicos. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  13. ^ Claudio Nicolete de Frage (2012-07-31). Filogenia e revisão taxonômica de Davilla Vand. (dilleniaceae) (PDF) (Doctorate thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG).
  14. ^ "GRIN-Global". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  15. ^
    doi:10.1155/2014/819739
    .
  16. ^
    Chicago Natural History Museum
    .
  17. PMID 30225160
    .
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