Deheubarth

Coordinates: 51°52′36″N 4°01′06″W / 51.8768°N 4.0184°W / 51.8768; -4.0184
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Kingdom of Deheubarth
Teyrnas Deheubarth (Welsh)
920–1197
Anthem: Unbennaeth Prydain
"The Monarchy of Britain"[1][2][3]
Medieval kingdoms of Wales.
Medieval kingdoms of Wales.
CapitalDinefwr
Common languagesOld Welsh
Governmentmonarchy
• 920–950
Hywel Dda
• 1081
Rhys ap Tewdwr
• 1155–1197
Rhys ap Gruffydd
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Established
920
• Disestablished
1197
Currency
ceiniog cwta
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Seisyllwg
Kingdom of Dyfed
Principality of Wales
Today part of

Deheubarth (Welsh pronunciation:

Y Gogledd), the northern lands whence Cunedda originated.[7]

History

Cantrefi of Deheubarth, c. 1160.
Dinefwr Castle, 1740

Deheubarth was united around 920 by

Kingdom of Brycheiniog was also added. Caerleon was previously the principal court of the area, but Hywel's dynasty fortified and built up a new base at Dinefwr, near Llandeilo
, giving them their name.

After the high-water mark set by Hywel, Dinefwr was repeatedly overrun. First, by the Welsh of the north and east: by

Marcher Lords. In 1093, Rhys was killed in unknown circumstances while resisting their expansion into Brycheiniog and his son Gruffydd
was briefly thrown into exile.

Following the death of Henry I, in 1136 Gruffydd formed an alliance with Gwynedd for the purpose of a revolt against Norman incursions. He took part in Owain Gwynedd and Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd's victory over the Normans at Crug Mawr. The newly liberated region of Ceredigion, though, was not returned to his family but annexed by Owain.

The long and capable rule of Gruffydd's son the

Llywelyn the Great
won the wars in Gwynedd, in the first half of the 13th century, lords in Deheubarth merely appear among his clients.

Following the conquest of Wales by Edward I, the South was divided into the historic counties of Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire by the Statute of Rhuddlan.

Religion

In the arena of the church,

Bishop of St David's in 1073 and again in 1079/80. Both of his sons followed him into the service of the church. At this time the prohibition against the marriage of clerics was not yet established. His sons produced a number of manuscripts and original Latin and vernacular poems. They were very active in the ecclesiastical and political life of Deheubarth. One son, Rhygyfarch (Latin: Ricemarchus) of Llanbadarn Fawr, wrote the Life of Saint David and another, Ieuan, was a skilful scribe and illuminator. He copied some of the works of Augustine of Hippo
and may have written the Life of St. Padarn.

List of rulers

The kingdom of Deheubarth was formed by the union of the kingdoms of Ceredigion, Seisyllwg and Dyfed. Ceredigion was absorbed into Seisyllwg and Dyfed was merged with Seisyllwg to form Deheubarth in 909.

Ceredigion

  • Ceredig ap Cunedda (424–453)[9][10][11]
  • Usai (453–490)
  • Serwyl (490–525)
  • Boddw (525–560)
  • Arthfoddw (560–595)
  • Arthlwys (595–630)
  • Clydog I (630–665)

Dyfed

Seisyllwg

House Manaw

  • Rhodri the Great (?–873/877/878) - stewards[9][11]
  • Cadell ap Rhodri, second son of Anghared and Rhodri (872–909)[9]
  • Hywel Dda (Hywel the Good) (909-920) - he ruled Seisyllwg in 920 and shortly thereafter merged it with Dyfed into Deheubarth

Deheubarth

Deheubarth was in the possession of the

Normans
from 1093 to 1155

From 1234 to 1283, Deheubarth was subject to the princes of Gwynedd

  • Rhys the Hoarse's son, Rhys Mechyll (1234–1244) ruled a portion of Deheubarth
  • his brother, Maredudd ap Rhys (1244–1271) ruled a portion of Deheubarth
  • his son, Rhys ap Maredudd (1271–1283) ruled a portion of Deheubarth

See also

References

  1. Wade-Evans, Arthur. Welsh Medieval Law
    . Oxford Univ., 1909. Accessed 1 Feb 2013.
  2. ^ Bradley, A.G. Owen Glyndwr and the Last Struggle for Welsh Independence. G.P. Putnam's Sons (New York), 1901. Accessed 1 Feb 2013.
  3. ^ Jenkins, John. Poetry of Wales Archived 2008-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. Houlston & Sons (London), 1873. Accessed 1 Feb 2013.
  4. ^ The orientation of Medieval maps and geographical thinking was towards the east. Facing east, north was thus on the "left-hand" side and south on the right.
  5. ^ Ellis, Thos. P. Welsh Tribal Law & Custom in the Middle Ages Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Vol. I, iii, §3. 1926. Accessed 1 February 2013.
  6. Wade-Evans, Arthur. Welsh Medieval Laws
    . Oxford Uni., 1909. Accessed 31 January 2013.
  7. ^ Williams, Jane. A History of Wales. Cambridge University Press, 2010. Accessed 1 February 2013.
  8. required.)
  9. ^ a b c A history of Wales
  10. ^ The Cambrian
  11. ^ a b c Encyclopaedia of Wales
  12. ^ a b Lloyd, John Edward (1912). A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest. Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 257 and note. Retrieved 5 February 2012. Lloyd history of Wales.
  13. ^ Heritage Consulting. Millennium File [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2003.
  • The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2008

External links

51°52′36″N 4°01′06″W / 51.8768°N 4.0184°W / 51.8768; -4.0184