Diniktum
Location | Iraq |
---|---|
Region | Mesopotamia |
Diniktum, inscribed Di-ni-ik-tumKI, was a still unlocated middle bronze-age town often thought to be located somewhere in the Diyala Governorate of Iraq.[1]
History
It enjoyed independence briefly during the 18th century under the reigns of the
.. Certainly. Sîn-gāmil, king of Diniktum. very much like you would repeatedly respond to me by means of lies and provocations. Having docked 500 boats in Diniktum's quay. I "sank" (supported?) his land as well as him for 12 year!"[6]
— Iarīm-Līm, Tablet A. 1314, Letter to Yašub-Yahad
Yarim-Lim I would defeat the king of Diniktum in battle.[7]
One king of Diniktum named Itur-šarrum ruled Diniktum for around a century before his successor Sîn-gāmil became the new ruler of the kingdom.[8]
Ikūn-pî-Sîn (“The word of Sin is truthful”), the ruler of Nērebtum (
The town was still settled in the later bronze-age, as a year name of 15th century BC
Location
An early proposal was on the Tigris river downstream from Upi and close to the northern border of Elam. It has also been suggested as being at or in the vicinity of Tell Muhammad, which lies in south-eastern part of modern Baghdad.[15][2] Diniktum is mentioned in the Harmal geographical list, Tablet IM 51143.[16]
In a survey of archaeological sites in the Diyala region of Iraq a site, Tell #851, was identified as a possible location for Diniktum. It showed surface remains from the Ubaid to Kassite periods. A local resident there turned in six UrIII/Larsa cylinder seals (one mentioned the god
See also
- Cities of the ancient Near East
References
- ^ ISBN 9781442678033.
- ^ ISBN 978-041-539-485-7.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ISBN 978-022-610-159-0.
- ^ Weiss, Harvey (1985). Ebla to Damascus: Art and Archaeology of Ancient Syria : an Exhibition from the Directorate General of Antiquities and Museums of the Syrian Arab Republic. Baltimore: Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service.
- ^ Sasson, Jack (1995). Civilizations of the Ancient Near East: Volume 2.
- ^ J. Sasson (1985). "Yarim-Lim's War Declaration". Editions Recherche sur Ies Civilisations. Paris. p. 244.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Wu, Yuhong (1994). A Political History of Eshnunna, Mari and Assyria During the Early Old Babylonian Period: From the End of Ur III to the Death of Šamši-Adad. Institute of History of Ancient Civilizations, Northeast Normal University.
- ISBN 978-049-643-819-8.
- ^ Harris, Rivkah, "The Archive of the Sin Temple in Khafajah (Tutub)", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 31–58, 1955
- ^ Harris, Rivkah, "The Archive of the Sin Temple in Khafajah (Tutub) (Conclusion)", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 91–120, 1955
- ^ Trevor Bryce (2009). The Routledge Handbook of The People and Places of Ancient Western Asia. Routledge. p. 196.
- ISBN 978-047-069-534-0.
- ^ Tablet Ni. 3199.
- ISBN 978-0-91-898600-9
- ^ Paolo Gentili, Where is Diniktum? : Remarks on the Situation and a Supposition, Rivista degli studi orientali, Nuova Serie, Vol. 79, Fasc. 1/4, pp. 231-238, 2006
- ^ [2] Levy, Selim J., "Harmal Geographical List", Sumer, vol. 3, iss. 2, pp. 50-83, 1947
- ^ [3] Adams, Robert M., "Land Behind Baghdad: A History of Settlement on the Diyala Plains", Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1965
- ^ Saporetti, Claudio, "McC Adams 851 = Diniktum?", Egitto e Vicino Oriente, vol. 24, pp. 97–102, 2001