Draft:Outline of climatology

• Academic discipline
• Branch of science
  • Branch of Earth science – field of science related to the planet Earth. Earth science is the branch of science dealing with the physical constitution of the earth and its atmosphere.
    • Atmospheric science
    • Subfield of physical geography

Branches of climatology

• Applied climatology – uses climatic principles and analysis to solve human problems related to water resources, agriculture, health, and forestry.
• Dynamic climatology – studies the atmospheric motion of the atmosphere such as disturbance and wind circulation. It was introduced by Bergeron 1930.
• Earth rainfall climatology –
  • United States rainfall climatology –
• Historical climatology –
• Paleoclimatology –
• Paleotempestology –
• Physical climatology
  – studies the atmospheric energy in the climate. It was introduced by Milenkovitch in 1820 and Simpson in 1824.
• Synoptic climatology – studies the regional and local climate of an area with the aid of climatic weather. It was initiated by Koppen in 1870.
• Tornado climatology –
• Tropical cyclone climatology
  • Pacific typhoon climatology
    –
  • Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology –
    • China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology –
    • Mexico tropical cyclone rainfall climatology –
  • Tropical cyclone windspeed climatology –
• Urban climatology –

History of climatology

• Historical climatology
  • Climate history
• Historical impacts of climate change
• History of climate change science
• History of the Gulf Stream
• History of the trade winds
• History of paleoclimatology

Climates

Climate

Climate classification

• Köppen climate classification

Climate phenomena

• Climate oscillation
  – Examples of climate oscillations and their frequency include:
  • glacial periods of the last ice age – period around 100 000 years (see Quaternary glaciation#Astronomical cycles and 100,000-year problem)
  • North African climate cycles – tens of thousands of years
  • Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
    – around 50 to 70 years, but unpredictable
  • El Niño Southern Oscillation
    – 2 to 7 years
  • Pacific decadal oscillation – 8 to 12 years? (not clear)
  • Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
    – 15 to 30 years? (not clear)
  • Arctic oscillation – no particular periodicity
  • North Atlantic Oscillation
    – no particular periodicity
  • North Pacific Oscillation – ?
  • solar variation
    )
  • Quasi-biennial oscillation – about 30 months
• Climate change

Climate modeling

Climate model

Climatology applied

Persons influential in climatology

List of climate scientists

• Shen Kuo
• Edmund Halley
• Benjamin Franklin
• Francis Galton
• Helmut Landsberg

See also

• Outline of meteorology

External links

• The Earth's climate – Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS – France)
• Climatology News Daily publication with news in all areas of climatology plus free news feeds for webmasters.
• Climate Prediction Center
• KNMI Climate Explorer The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute's Climate Explorer graphs climatological relationships of spatial and temporal data.
• Climatology as a Profession Amer. Inst. of Physics account of the history of the discipline of climatology in the 20th century
• Sunpreview annual and global weather project
• NOAA Weather Service