Eastern Xia
Eastern Xia 東夏 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1215–1233 | |||||||||
| Capital | Kaiyuan (開元), Yanji | ||||||||
| Common languages | Jurchen, Chinese | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Emperor | |||||||||
• 1215–1233 | Puxian Wannu | ||||||||
| Historical era | Post-classical history | ||||||||
• Dynasty established by Puxian Wannu | 1215 | ||||||||
• Destroyed by Mongol Empire after rebellion | 1233 | ||||||||
| Currency | cash coins (Dongzheng Xingbao) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | China Russia | ||||||||
The Eastern XiaLiaoyang province of the Yuan dynasty.
History
Puxian Wannu originally served the waning
Tianwang (天王 lit. Heavenly King) and named his era Tiantai (天泰). He also established the government institutions based on the Jin systems. Although he originally acknowledged his allegiance to the Mongol Empire, he however rebelled against the Mongols and killed the Mongolian resident commissioners in 1217. He also moved the capital to Nanjing (南京 literally: "southern capital") in modern day Mopancun Fortress near Yanji, Jilin province. In 1233, Güyük (then a prince) was dispatched by Ögedei Khan
to conquer the Eastern Xia. Puxian Wannu was captured and killed in the same year, which marked the official end of the Eastern Xia kingdom. The Jin dynasty was also conquered by the Mongols in the next year.
The actual name of the kingdom is controversial. Chinese documents call it Dongxia (东夏/東夏) but Goryeo almost always called it Dongzhen (東眞). Yanai Wataru insisted that Xià (夏) was a misinterpretation of Zhèn (眞). In the meanwhile Ikeuchi Hiroshi claimed that Dongzhen was an abbreviated form of Dong Nüzhen (东女眞/東女眞, Eastern Jurchen) and was just an alias.