Edwin H. Colbert

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Edwin Harris Colbert
Evolutionary Biology
InstitutionsAmerican Museum of Natural History
Columbia University
Museum of Northern Arizona

Edwin Harris "Ned" Colbert

paleontologist
and prolific researcher and author.

Born in

Ph.D. from Columbia University, finishing in 1935. He married Margaret Matthew, daughter of the eminent paleontologist William Diller Matthew
, in 1933. She became a noted artist, illustrator, and sculptor who specialized in visualizing extinct species.

Among the positions Colbert held was

Professor Emeritus of Vertebrate Paleontology at Columbia University. He was a protégé of Henry Fairfield Osborn, and a foremost authority on the Dinosauria
.

For his thesis, Siwalik Mammals in the American Museum of Natural History, Colbert was awarded the

National Academy of Sciences in 1935.[4] He described dozens of new taxa and authored major systematic reviews, including the discovery of more than a dozen complete skeletons of a primitive small Triassic dinosaur, Coelophysis at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, in 1947 (one of the largest concentrations of dinosaur deposits ever recorded),[2] publication of their description, and a review of ceratopsian
phylogeny.

His fieldwork in Antarctica in 1969 helped solidify the acceptance of continental drift with the discovery of a 220-million-year-old fossil of a Lystrosaurus.[5] He was also the first person to name the Staurikosaurus.[6] His popularity and his textbooks on dinosaurs, paleontology, and stratigraphy (with Marshall Kay) introduced a new generation of scientists and amateur enthusiasts to the subject. He was the recipient of numerous prizes and awards commemorating his many achievements in the field of science.

He retired from the AMNH in 1970 and became a curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff, Arizona. He died at his home in Flagstaff in 2001.[2]

Early life

Colbert was born on September 28, 1905 in Clarinda, Iowa to Mary Adamson Colbert and George Harris Colbert, the youngest of their three sons. His father was a school superintendent in Page County, Iowa before being appointed as a mathematics professor at the newly established Northwest Missouri State University in 1906.[7][8] Colbert grew up in Maryville, Missouri, where he worked as a paperboy and reporter for the town's Democrat-Forum newspaper.[3] He also participated in the Boy Scouts, and became interested in fossils at an early age, collecting shells and corals from nearby creeks.[7]

Early education

Colbert attended Maryville High School and graduated in 1923. After graduating, he briefly attended Northwest Missouri State University, but was disinterested in the school's teacher-training program. In the summers, he worked for the United States Forest Service, building trails at Arapho National Forest.[7] While visiting his brother Phil, an engineer at the University of Nebraska, Colbert visited the University of Nebraska State Museum, which sparked his interest in paleontology and geology.[1] After an interview with Erwin Barbour, the museum's director, Colbert transferred to the University of Nebraska in the fall of 1926, also taking on an assistantship at the museum.[7][9]

Paleontology and AMNH work

Colbert went on his first paleontological expedition with the University of Nebraska State Museum in 1928, where he collected Miocene fossil mammals in Nebraska.[7]

In 1928, Colbert graduated from the University of Nebraska with his bachelor's degree. After being rejected from graduate programs at the University of California, Berkeley and Yale University, he moved to New York City in 1929 to begin studying at Columbia University.[1][7] Through Columbia's paleontology program, Colbert worked at the American Museum of Natural History. He studied under William King Gregory, and worked as a research assistant for Henry Fairfield Osborn until Osborn's death in 1935. As Osborn's protégé, he studied the evolution of elephants, focusing on their teeth. Colbert expanded his research focus in his Ph.D. thesis to include antelopes, pigs, and giraffes that had been collected from the Sivalik Hills by Barnum Brown. He completed his Ph.D. in 1935, and received the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal for his work.

In 1933, Colbert was appointed as an assistant curator at the AMNH, where he began a research program focused on the evolution of mammals, studying specimens from

Burma and Mongolia. In 1938, he traveled to the Agate Fossil Beds in Nebraska with a team of paleontologists from the Academy of Natural Sciences. He began teaching at Columbia in the same year, and would go on to be appointed as a graduate professor.[10] His students and mentees at Columbia included Stephen J. Gould, John Ostrom, and Dale Russell.[11][7]
Colbert returned to Nebraska again to collect from the White River Badlands in 1941 with an AMNH expedition.

A dinosaur family tree from Colbert's The Dinosaur Book: The Ruling Reptiles and their Relatives (1945).

After World War II began, Colbert served as a civilian air raid warden in Leonia, New Jersey, and was appointed as a curator-in-charge of amphibians and reptiles, replacing the recently-retired Barnum Brown.

Alfred Sherwood Romer of Harvard University in order to familiarize himself with reptiles and amphibians. In 1945, he published his first book, intended for a lay audience, The Dinosaur Book: The Ruling Reptiles and Their Relatives.[2]

In 1946, Colbert traveled to Arizona looking for

Icarosaurus siefkeri, all found in New Jersey.[14]

In 1957, Colbert was elected to the

Calcutta
.

Antarctica expedition and retirement

In 1968, Ralph Baillie, an Ohio State University student, came to Colbert with a fossil bone that he had discovered in the Transantarctic Mountains.[16] Colbert assisted in identifying the amphibian bone, which was the first record of tetrapod life from Antarctica.[7] Just before retiring from the AMNH, Colbert traveled to Antarctica on the urging of the National Science Foundation with an expedition team led by geologist David Elliot.[1] While working in the Coalsack Bluffs, their team discovered fossils, which Colbert identified as Lystrosaurus bones. The discovery helped to prove the theory of continental drift, and was described as "one of the truly great fossil finds of all time" by Laurence M. Gould in the New York Times.[17][7][2]

After returning from the expedition in 1970, Colbert retired from the American Museum of Natural History and moved to Flagstaff, Arizona, where he became the honorary curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Museum of Northern Arizona.[11] He continued to conduct research and author papers until his death on November 15, 2001.[2]

Personal life

In 1930, Colbert met Margaret Matthew, the daughter of paleontologist

California School of Arts and Crafts and taken a position as a staff artist at the AMNH. After she was assigned to illustrate Colbert's work on the Sivalik fossils, they began a romance and were married in 1933.[1] The couple had five sons together and settled in Leonia, New Jersey in 1947.[2][1]

While working at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico in the 1940s, Colbert met and befriended artist Georgia O'Keefe, who lived less than a mile from the excavation site and frequently painted the Chinle Formation.[7][12][18] He would name the species Effigia okeeffeae after her.

Awards

In addition to the 1935 Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal, Colbert also received the Gold Medal for Scientific Achievement from the AMNH in 1970, the Romer-Simpson Medal from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in 1989, and the Hayden Memorial Geological Award in 1996.[11][7]

Works

Colbert wrote more than 20 books and over 400 scientific articles.[19]

  • 1935: Siwalik Mammals in the American Museum of Natural History
  • 1945: The Dinosaur Book: The Ruling Reptiles and Their Relatives (repub 1951)
  • 1955: Colbert's Evolution of the Vertebrates: A History of the Backboned Animals Through Time (four more editions in 1969, 1980, 1991 & 2001; fifth edition with Eli C. Minkoff & Michael Morales)
  • 1961: The World of Dinosaurs, illustrated by George Geygan (repub in 1977 as Dinosaur World)
  • 1961: Dinosaurs: Their Discovery and Their World
  • 1965: The Age of Reptiles, illustrated by Margaret Colbert (repub 1987)
  • 1968: Men and Dinosaurs: The Search in Field and Laboratory (repub 1971)
  • 1968: Millions of Years Ago: Prehistoric Life in North America, illustrated by Margaret Colbert
  • 1973: Wandering Lands and Animals: The Story of Continental Drift and Animal Populations (repub 1985)
  • 1977: The Year of the Dinosaur, illustrated by Margaret Colbert
  • 1983: Dinosaurs: An Illustrated History.
    ISBN 978-0-8437-3332-7
  • 1984: The Great Dinosaur Hunters and Their Discoveries.
    ISBN 978-0-486-24701-4
  • 1989: Digging into the Past: An Autobiography.
    ISBN 978-0-942637-08-3
  • 1995: The Little Dinosaurs of Ghost Ranch.
    ISBN 978-0-231-08236-5
  • 1980: Fossil-Hunter's Notebook: My Life with Dinosaurs and Other Friends, w/Elias Colbert.
    ISBN 978-0-525-10772-9

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-87338-648-7
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i O'Connor, Anahad, "E. H. Colbert, 96, Dies; Wrote Dinosaur Books", The New York Times, November 25, 2001.
  3. ^ a b "25 Jan 1933, Page 2 - The Maryville Daily Forum at". Newspapers.com. 1933-01-25. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  4. ^ "Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
  5. ISBN 978-0-8109-1965-5
    .
  6. ISBN 978-0-8160-5960-7
    .
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Brusatte, Stephen L. (2023). "Biographical Memoirs: Edwin Harris Colbert" (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  8. ^ "26 Apr 1950, Page 7 - The Chillicothe Constitution-Tribune at". Newspapers.com. 1950-04-26. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  9. ^
    ISBN 978-0-231-54646-1
    .
  10. ^ Naunton, Maya (March 8, 2022). "Unearthing the joint history of the Department of Vertebrate Paleontology and Columbia University". Gottesman Research Library News. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  11. ^ a b c "Famed paleontologist Ned Colbert dead at 96". Arizona Daily Sun. 2001-11-20. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  12. ^
    ISBN 9798216074632
    .
  13. ^ a b Joe Cain (2018). Night Thoughts: George Gaylord Simpson's Reflections on Leaving the American Museum of Natural History.
  14. ISBN 978-0-8018-5216-9
    .
  15. ^ Antônio Isaia, Os Fascinantes Caminhos da Paleontologia. Editora Pallotti (Portuguese)
  16. ^ peter briggs (1970). laboratory at the bottom of the world. Internet Archive. david mckay company inc.
  17. ^ "Edwin H. and Margaret M. Colbert". Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  18. ^ Scott, Michon (September 10, 2022). "Edwin H. Colbert". Strange Science. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  19. ^ O'Connor, Anahad, "E. H. Colbert, 96, Dies; Wrote Dinosaur Books", The New York Times, November 25, 2001.

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edwin_H._Colbert&oldid=1213722806"