Ehrlichia canis
Ehrlichia canis | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
Class: | Alphaproteobacteria |
Order: | Rickettsiales |
Family: | Ehrlichiaceae |
Genus: | Ehrlichia |
Species: | E. canis
|
Binomial name | |
Ehrlichia canis |
Ehrlichia canis is an
Transmission cycle
The brown dog tick, R. sanguineus, acts as the
Because the vector of E. canis uses canine species as a
Pathogenesis
E. canis is a small, coccus bacterium with a single circular chromosome. Minute in size, E. canis is smaller than the other species in the genus Ehrlichia.[8][10]
The
The cells of E. canis lack complex internal structures, which allow the synthesis of sugars and it, in turn, uses amino acids as its source of energy.[10]
Upon introduction, E. canis penetrates the monocytes and macrophages of hosts. Infection may leave a host asymptomatic for months or severe clinical signs may manifest as ehrlichiosis develops.[11]
Diagnosis and treatment
Animals infected with E. canis may experience a combination of signs, including fever, lethargy, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, edema of the appendages, discharge from nose and eyes, and seizures.[4][6][11] A low packed cell volume in the blood is a common indicator of the presence of E. canis and a blood smear can be done to determine if morulae are present in leukocytes to definitively diagnose the infection. Because this process is often long and tedious, the presence of antibodies to E. canis in blood can be used to effectively diagnose a patient. These antibodies typically appear within seven days after infection.[4][6]
E. canis is commonly treated via chemoprophylaxis with doxycycline, a prescription drug used in the treatment of bacterial infections. If caught before the clinical stage, E. canis is almost completely curable, but prolonged presence of the bacteria leads to hemorrhaging, which typically results in the death of the patient.[3]
Although no
References
- LPSN.
- ^ "Ehrlichia Canis" at the Encyclopedia of Life
- ^ PMID 19150176.
- ^ a b c d Jeanine, Peters (Winter 2000). "Canine Ehrlichiosis". ADDL Diagnostic Forum Newsletter.
- ^ "Kimberley Dog Controlled Area – dog movement conditions". Government of Western Australia, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Agriculture and Food division. June 4, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
- ^ PMID 20933140.
- S2CID 28743204.
- ^ a b Morgan, Rhea. "Ehrlichiosis in Cats". Retrieved 2013-10-31.
- PMID 25242952.
- ^ PMID 16707693.
- ^ a b "Erlichia Canis in Dogs". Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-25.
- PMID 23072894.