El Quisco
El Quisco | |
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Website | www |
El Quisco is a Chilean city and commune in San Antonio Province, Valparaíso Region. Located in the country's central coast, it serves as a popular summer resort for the population of Santiago and forms part of the Coast of Poets, a cultural space named after four world-renowned Chilean poets: Pablo Neruda, Vicente Huidobro, Violeta Parra and Nicanor Parra. El Quisco is home to La Casa de Isla Negra, the former house of Chilean poet Pablo Neruda, which is now a museum and Neruda's burial site.
Etymology
The word "quisco" refers to the
History
Early history
There have been important archaeological findings from the pre-ceramic period and the late ceramic period along the coast of El Quisco. El Quisco was a centre of the El Bato and Llolleo cultures , among others, and their presence coincided with the dates of the El Molle culture further north.[6]
The Bato culture was established between 400 and 300 BC, and shared cultural traits with the Molle culture. Typical of this culture was the use of a tembetá (a metal or stone rod used in lower-lip piercings). In addition, mortars, stones used to grind vegetables and minerals, have been found. Evidence of this group has been found in Trebulco and in La Manresa, located near Lonquén. Its peak development came in 400 to 500 AD, both on the coast and in the interior, and the culture persisted in the Preandean zone until around 900 AD.
The El Molle culture was established in Chile around 300 AD among the
The
The ceramics of these cultures are commonly called the Aconcagua Salmon Type, for their orange colour with decorative designs in black paint, found in the Late Agroalfarero ("agro-potter") period of the region, between 800 and 1470, principally in pieces known as pucos, or bowls. The outer face is often a decoration representing the figure of a "Trinaurio", or whirlpool with three arms.
Mapuche period
More recently
Inca period
The area was part of the
and different people of Atacameño origin.The clothes of Inca soldiers were made from Pulla Pulla (
He had the authority to name kurakas or governors, derived from that of the Inca in Cusco. His mandate allowed him to establish the social, political and economic system characteristic of the Inca Empire, to distribute land and community property, and initiate public works for the common good, like roads, granaries and housing. Agricultural and cattle production was sufficiently developed to allow food exports to the pukaras of the north.
Spanish settlement
The first indications of Spanish colonization in the El Quisco area date to 1570, when the Spanish family of
Pirates
After 1578, El Quisco and nearby places became bolt holes for pirates such as the Englishmen
At the end of the colonial era, many foreign ships already engaged in illegal trade on the Chilean coast, including English, Dutch, French and American pirates. The foreign pirates generally operated with the support of Chilean Creoles, born in Chile but of European descent,[10] saw the attempts of the Spanish authorities to interfere as one more proof of the arrogance of the colonial Spanish system.
Today
The commune of El Quisco was incorporated on August 30, 1956, under the presidency of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo under Statutory order Nº 12110.
Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, El Quisco spans an area of 50.7 km2 (20 sq mi) and has 9,467 inhabitants (4,815 men and 4,652 women). Of these, 8,931 (94.3%) lived in urban areas and 536 (5.7%) in rural areas. The population grew by 55.3% (3,370 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[2]
Administration
As a commune, El Quisco is a third-level
- Cristofer Ceballos Lira (UDI)
- Juan Andrés Berrios Olmedo (PPD)
- José Moraga Lira (RN)
- Maria Magdalena Bianchi Berroeta (PDC)
- Guillermo Romo Díaz (JPM)
- Guillermo Vidal Devia (UDI)
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, El Quisco is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by María José Hoffmann (UDI) and Víctor Torres (PDC) as part of the 15th electoral district, together with San Antonio, Santo Domingo, Cartagena, El Tabo, Algarrobo and Casablanca. The commune is represented in the Senate by Francisco Chahuán Chahuán (RN) and Ricardo Lagos Weber (PPD) as part of the 6th senatorial constituency (Valparaíso-Coast).
Description
El Quisco has four sectors that are both geographically and culturally distinct:
- El Quisco proper
- Punta de Tralca
- Isla Negra
- El Totoral
Tourism
The area is a favourite tourist destination in central Chile. One of its advantages is its short distance from Santiago. There are many residences and hotels for lodging,
Famous inhabitants
- Pablo Neruda, winner of the Nobel Prize of Literature[12]
- Violeta Parra, singer and composer.[13] Parra spent long seasons at Isla Negra, where she created works such as "El Rin de Angelito".
- foreign minister of Chile
- Social Democrat Radical Party
- Clara Solovera (1909–1992), folklorist.[15] Her daughters Cecilia and Marcela spread her ashes in the sea across from her house in El Quisco.
- Luis Hernández Parker, winner of the National Prize of Journalism
- René Ríos Boettiger, Chilean cartoonist, creator of Condorito.[16]
- Jose Perotti, winner of the National Prize of Art.
- Camilo Mori, painter who designed the official seal of the city of El Quisco
- Sonia Tschorne, vice-minister of Housing, Urbanism and National Assets
- Osvaldo Puccio, politician
- Jose Michael Puccio, surgeon of the Presidency of Chile
- Mario López Ibáñez, physician
- Roberto Marín Vivado, coloproctologist who had a long career as president of the Gastronomic Confraternity Nº 1 of Santiago and honorary member of the Circle of Gastronomic Chroniclers.
- Christian von Wernich, priest and collaborator with the Argentinian dictatorship who took refuge in El Quisco's Catholic church until he was identified in 2003.[17]
External links
- Municipality of El Quisco
- Guía EL Quisco, Complete Turisitic guide about El Quisco
- Turistic Web El Quisco
- Ocupaciones tempranas y la aparición del pescador en la costa pacífica de Sudamérica”
- Sitio turístico del Quisco
- FM Radio online El Quisco
- Compañía eléctrica de la Comuna
- El Quisco y El Tabo
- Nuestro Refugio Archived 2020-02-03 at the Wayback Machine
- Fundación Pablo Neruda
- Sitio del Quisco
- Central Coast of Chile Directory Archived 2020-05-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Colegio del Quisco
Notes and references
- ^ a b "Municipality of El Quisco" (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ a b c d "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ "Chile Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
- ^ "Chile Summer Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
- ^ "Echinopsis chiloensis - QUISCO". 2012-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-08-16. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- ^ Cornelly, F.L., 1956: Cultura Diaguita Chilena y Cultura de El Molle. Santiago: Editorial del Pacifico
- ^ Historia de América. Pueblos indígenas chilenos. Cultura Molle y Diaguita. Cerámica. Artesanía
- ^ Larrain, Etnogeografía, Geography of Chile, Geographic Military Institute, Santiago, 1987; XVI: 147. In this article Professor Larrain made an extensive investigation of the Picunche population, classifying them as northern and southern Picunches, the Promaucae.
- ^ Chile: Colonial Period, Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ "Ilustre Municipalidad de el Quisco". Archived from the original on 2008-02-21. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
- ^ YouTube - Paul Neruda - " I like when you are quiet ... " in his (her, your) voice <! - Title(Degree) generated by a bot ->
- ^ YouTube - Violeta Parra Chile <! - Title(Degree) generated by a bot ->
- ^ YouTube - Patricio Tombolini´s interview "Ultima mirada" Parte 1
- ^ V=zqDIKxQo8LY YouTube - Uncle Héctor and Manirita - " To sing of my Guitar " <! - Title(Degree) generated by a bot ->
- ^ V=zhKQ-rdBSFs YouTube - Condorito <! - Title(Degree) generated by a bot ->
- ^ International Herald Tribune 17 September 2007, Argentine priest testifies about church's role in 'dirty war'