Electrostatic motor

An electrostatic motor or capacitor motor is a type of electric motor based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge.

An alternative type of electrostatic motor is the spacecraft electrostatic

thruster where forces and motion are created by electrostatically accelerating ions.

Overview

An electrostatic motor is based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge. Usually, electrostatic motors are the

) systems where their drive voltages are below 100 volts, and where moving, charged plates are far easier to fabricate than coils and iron cores.

Corona-discharge motor

The corona-discharge motor, also known as corona motor, has been known for centuries.^[1]

Nanotube nanomotor

In 2004, researchers at University of California, Berkeley, developed rotational bearings based upon multiwall carbon nanotubes. By attaching a gold plate (with dimensions of the order of 100 nm) to the outer shell of a suspended multiwall carbon nanotube (like nested carbon cylinders), they are able to electrostatically rotate the outer shell relative to the inner core. These bearings are very robust; devices have been oscillated thousands of times with no indication of wear. These nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) represent a promising direction in miniaturization and may find their way into commercial applications in the future.^[2]

Electrostatic ion drive

Electric motors, in general, produce motion when powered by electric currents. The common type of spacecraft ion thruster uses electrostatic forces to accelerate ions to generate forces to create motion, and thus can be considered as unconventional electric motors.

and accelerated in the electrical field of the cathode fall to the anode (Kaufman type ion thruster). Alternatively, the electrons can be accelerated by the oscillating electric field induced by an alternating magnetic field of a coil, which results in a self-sustaining discharge and omits any cathode (radiofrequency ion thruster).

Patents

The prime classifications of electrostatic motors by the

USPTO

are:

• Class 310 ELECTRICAL GENERATOR OR MOTOR STRUCTURE
  • 300 NON-DYNAMOELECTRIC
    • 308 Charge accumulating
    • 309 Electrostatic
• U.S. patent 633,829 -- J. Gallegos -- "Static electric Machine"
• U.S. patent 735,621 -- E. Thomson -- "Electrostatic motor"
• U.S. patent 993,561 -- Harold B. Smith -- "Apparatus for transforming electrical energy into mechanical energy"
• U.S. patent 1,693,806 -- W. G. Cady -- "Electromechanical System"
• U.S. patent 1,974,483 —- T. T. Brown -- "Electrostatic motor" (1934-09-25)
• U.S. patent 3,433,981 -- B. Bollee -- "Electrostatic Motor" (ed. Electrostatics from
  Atmospheric Electricity
  )
• U.S. patent 3,436,630 -- B. Bollee -- "Electrostatic Motor"
• U.S. patent 5,552,654 -- MITSUBISHI CHEM CORP -- "Electrostatic actuator"
• U.S. patent 5,965,968 -- Robert, et al. -- "Electrostatic Motor"

See also

• Electrostatic generator
• Nanomotor
• Oxford Electric Bell

References

External articles and further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Electrostatic motors.

• de Queiroz, Antonio Carlos M., "An Electrostatic Linear Motor". 24 January 2002.
• William J. Beaty, "Simple Electrostatic Motor".
• "ElectrostaticMotor", tm.net.
• Fast and Flexible Electrostatic Motors at Univ. Tokyo"[1]".
• Heavy Lifting Electrostatic Motors at Univ. Tokyo"[2]".
• E. Sarajlic et al., 3-Phase Electrostatic Stepper Micromotors