Eurycea longicauda
Eurycea longicauda | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Urodela |
Family: | Plethodontidae |
Genus: | Eurycea |
Species: | E. longicauda
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Binomial name | |
Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818)
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Synonyms[3] | |
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Eurycea longicauda, commonly known as the long-tailed salamander
Subspecies
There are two[1][6] or three subspecies:[3]
- E. l. longicauda (Green, 1818) (long-tailed salamander, eastern long-tailed salamander)
- E. l. melanopleura (Cope, 1894 "1893") (dark-sided salamander, black-sided salamander, Cope's cave salamander)
- E. l. pernix Mittleman, 1942 (Midland long-tailed salamander)
Description
Body color varies from yellow to orange-red to red with random black spots.[5] E. l. longicauda measure on average 50 mm (2.0 in) snout–vent length (SVL) and have 72 mm (2.8 in) long tail.[8]
Reproduction
E. l. melanopleura reproduces in November to February. The eggs measure 7 mm (0.28 in) in diameter. The larvae hatch in January–March at about 10 mm (0.39 in) snout–vent length (SVL). They metamorphose seven months later at 23–28 mm (0.91–1.10 in) SVL. Males become sexually mature between 31–43 mm (1.2–1.7 in) SVL and females 33–43 mm (1.3–1.7 in) SVL. The largest males and females are 55 mm (2.2 in) SVL.[9]
Habitat and conservation
Eurycea longicauda inhabit streamsides, spring runs, ponds, cave mouths, and abandoned mines. With wet weather, they may venture into wooded terrestrial habitats. They hide in rock crevices or under rocks, logs, etc. Eggs are laid in underground crevices associated with aquatic environments, but in caves they may also be attached to objects in or above water.[1]
The overall population size of this species is large (probably more than 100,000). Some local populations may have been impacted by strip mining and acid drainage from coal mining, but there are no major threats overall. Its range overlaps with several protected areas.[1]
References
- ^ . Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ Green, Jacob (1818). "Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations". Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1: 348–359.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
- ISBN 978-0-916984-85-4. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-395-90452-7.
- ISBN 9781560988281.
- ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Eurycea guttolineata (Holbrook, 1838)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
- JSTOR 3893330.
- JSTOR 3891429.
External links
Data related to Eurycea longicauda at Wikispecies Media related to Eurycea longicauda at Wikimedia Commons