Foligno
Foligno
Fuligno | |
---|---|
Città di Foligno | |
![]() Foligno aerial view | |
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | 06034, 06030, 06037 |
Dialing code | 0742 |
Patron saint | St. Felician Martyr |
Saint day | January 24 |
Website | Official website |
Foligno (Italian pronunciation: .
While Foligno is an active bishopric, one of its civil parishes,
Foligno railway station forms part of the main line from Rome to Ancona, and is the junction for Perugia; it is thus an important rail centre, with repair and maintenance yards for the trains of central Italy, and was therefore subjected to severe Allied aerial bombing in World War II, responsible for its relatively modern aspect, although it retains some medieval monuments. Of its Roman past no significant trace remains, with the exception of the regular street plan of the centre. Other resources include sugar refineries and metallurgical, textile, building materials and paper and timber industries. After the war, the city's position in the plain and again its rail connections have led to a considerable suburban spread with the attendant problems of traffic and air pollution, as well as a severe encroachment on the Umbrian wetlands. Foligno is on an important interchange road junction in central Italy and 2 km (1 mi) away from the centre of the city there is the Foligno Airport.
History
Foligno seems to have been founded by
The city began to decay in the late
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Foligno_Cattedrale.jpg/220px-Foligno_Cattedrale.jpg)
Foligno recovered and continued to grow, ultimately gaining the status of free city in 1165 thanks to emperor
When
It has suffered from several major earthquakes, among which those of 1832 and
Main sights
Main attractions of the city include:
- Palazzo Comunale, built in the 13th century and rebuilt various times during the 16th and the 17th centuries. Its present Neo-Classical façade was carried out between 1835 and 1838. The bell tower is still the original from the 13th century.
- Adjoining the Palazzo Comunale is the Palazzo Orfini, built in Renaissance style, where the first printing shop opened by Emiliano Orfini around 1470. An inscription on the current façade (built in 1507) commemorates the printing in April 1472 of . This was the first book printed in the Italian language.
- Diocese of Foligno : a Romanesque building (the interior, however, was completely reworked in the 18th century). There is a copy of original Saint Peter's baldachin designed by the Italian sculptor and architect Gian Lorenzo Bernini.
- Santa Maria Infraportas, the oldest church in town, although the present edifice dates to the 11th century.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Dante%2C_Commedia%2C_1472_-_Bacheca_palazzo_Trinci.jpg/220px-Dante%2C_Commedia%2C_1472_-_Bacheca_palazzo_Trinci.jpg)
- The Church of San Giacomodates from 1402.
- Trinci Palace (1389–1407), which houses an archaeological museum, the city's picture gallery, a multimedia museum of Tournaments and Jousts and the Civic Museum. The façade was rebuilt in Neoclassicist style after the earthquakes in 1831–1832. It houses frescoes from the early 15th century, some attributed to Gentile da Fabriano.
- Ospedale Vecchio : a stately Renaissance building (1517–1520) with an eleven-arch portico on the Corso Cavour
- Palazzo Cantagilli (15th century), Palazzo Morotti (17th century) and Palazzo Roncalli (16th century) on the Corso Cavour
- Church of S. Agostino (18th century) : brickwork façade with four Corinthian columns(on the Piazza Garibaldi)
- Church of S. Salvatore (12th century): the façade (14th century) was built with alternating rows of red and white stone and has three ogival portals. (on the Piazza Garibaldi)
- Church of the Suffragio (18th century) was built with a Greek cross-layout and an Ionic style façade.
- Oratory of Nunziatella, built in Renaissance style by (attributed to) Francesco di Bartolomeo da Pietrasanta after a miraculous event in 1489. The rectangular oratory contains two altars on the back wall and one altar on each sidewall with paintings from several periods. Its most famous painting is "Baptism of Jesus" by Divina Commediawas printed on 11 April 1472.
- The Abbey of Sassovivo, 5 km (3 mi) to the east, with cloisters of 1229 with pairs of small columns supporting arches, and Cosmatesquedecorations.
Culture
The name of Foligno was famous for a noteworthy school of painting in the 15th century, and its name is carried by the Madonna of Foligno, now in the Vatican, was painted by the Urbinate artist Raphael for the nobleman Sigismondo di Comitibus.
The first printed edition of
The city is also notable as the birthplace of St Angela of Foligno (1248–1309).
Quarters
The historical centre of Foligno is traditionally divided into twenty rioni ("quarters"). Only ten of those are officially recognized and can take part in the Giostra della Quintana :
- Ammanniti
- Badia
- Cassero
- Contrastanga
- Croce Bianca
- Giotti
- La Mora
- Morlupo
- Pugilli
- Spada
Ten "defunct" rioni have been absorbed by the ones above: Borgo, Fonte del Campo, Cipischi, Croce, Falconi, Feldenghi, Franceschi, Menacoda, Piazza Vecchia and Spavagli.
The Giostra della Quintana is a knight ring jousting tournament based on a historical event. It takes place in the town of Foligno. Actually the challenges take place in June (1st Challenge) during a Saturday night and September (the counter-challenge) the 2nd or 3rd Sunday of September. The definition of Quintana comes from the 5th road of the Roman military Camps, where the soldiers were trained to the lance fighting. They run against a dummy-soldier, trying to catch a ring hanging from an arm of the dummy. Here the origin of the tournament's name, but the first definition and documented "Quintana" as a knights' jousting tournament during a festival, dates back to 1448. Since then, Foligno's "Quintana" was held uninterruptedly every year. In 1946 the actual "Giostra della Quintana" was reborn. In 1613 the Priors included the Quintana in the events of Carnival festivals, and all has been historically documented. There are ten knights, each representing a quarter of the town. Rushing at gallop, they have to catch 3 rings having smaller size at each tournament. The rings are hanging from a rotating statue represent Mars, the Roman God of War. The statue is in oak original dating back until 1613 (17th century) having a shield and a straight arm. A number of happenings involve the whole town and a parade of 800 persons dressed in original-like precious dresses walk in the town the day before the joust takes place.
Frazioni
(a subdivision of a comune (municipality) in Italy)
![]() | This section may be confusing or unclear to readers. In particular, because it has an Italian section title with an unexplained list of Italian words. (May 2022) |
Notable people
- Angelo da Foligno (1226-1312), priest of the Order of Saint Augustine and saint
- Angela of Foligno (1248–1309), a Franciscan tertiary, mystic and saint called "Mistress of Theologians" was born at Foligno.[4]
- Franciscan and saint.[5]
- Giovanni di Corraduccio (fl. c. 1404–1437), painter, was born here
- Pier Antonio Mezzastris (c. 1430 – c. 1506), painter, was born at Foligno
- Niccolò Alunno, Italian painter, born in Foligno in 1430.[6]
- Antimo Liberati, Italian music theorist, composer, and singer, born in Foligno in 1617[7]
- Fra Umile da Foligno (fl. late 17th-century), a Franciscan friar and painter in Perugia and Rome, was born in Foligno.[8]
- Mariano Armellino, Benedictine historian, died in Foligno in 1737.[9]
- Liborio Coccetti, Italian painter, born in Foligno c. 1739 [10]
- Caterina Scarpellini (1808–1873), astronomer, was born and brought up at Foligno.
- Piero Bernocchi (1947), teacher, trade union officer and politician.
- Leonardo Spinazzola (1993), professional football player for Italy national football team and Serie A club AS Roma.
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Foligno is
Gemona del Friuli, Italy
La Louvière, Belgium
- Shibukawa, Japan
References
- ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ISBN 0-415-93930-5), p. 360.
- ^ Robinson, Paschal (1907). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. .
- ^ "Roman Catholic Saints". Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ Van Cleef, Augustus (1907). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company. . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
- ^ Leopold, Silke (2001). "Liberati, Antimo" Archived 2018-11-08 at the Wayback Machine. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd edition. Online version retrieved 2 November 2018 (subscription required for full access).
- ^ Stefano Ticozzi, Dizionario degli architetti, scultori, pittori, intagliatori in rame ed in pietra, coniatori di medaglie, musaicisti, niellatori, intarsiatori d’ogni etá e d’ogni nazione, Vol. 1 (Milan: Vincenzo Ferrario, 1818), p. 203
- ^ Ott, Michael (1907). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. .
- ^ Key to Umbria. "Liborio Coccetti (ca. 1739-1816)" Archived 2018-12-06 at the Wayback Machine.
- Valle Umbra – Storia, arte, cultura e tradizione. Foligno: Valle Umbra – Servizio Turistico Associato. 2006.
- Vigueur, Jean-Claude Maire (March 2007). "Foligno – Invito a palazzo". Medioevo (122). Novara: De Agostini Periodici: 48–64.
External links
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