Frederick II, Elector Palatine
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Frederick II | |
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Elector Palatine | |
Reign | 16 March 1544 – 26 February 1556 |
Predecessor | Louis V |
Successor | Otto Henry |
Born | 9 December 1482 Winzingen Castle near Neustadt an der Weinstraße |
Died | 26 February 1556 Alzey | (aged 73)
Spouse |
Catholic (until 1540s) |
Frederick II, Count Palatine of the Rhine (9 December 1482 – 26 February 1556), also Frederick the Wise, a member of the
The Kurfürst-Friedrich-Gymnasium in Heidelberg is named after him.
Early life
Frederick was born at Winzingen Castle near
He was custodian of the young dukes of
Pretender to the Norwegian throne
Frederick was for a time involved in coup plans in
After Frederick's marriage to Dorothea in 1535, Frederick soon sent a letter to Olav Engelbrektsson (via emissaries in Brussels) telling him that he would claim the throne and he also promised military support from himself and Charles V. In the winter of 1536, Olav Engelbrektsson sent squads of supporters to villages in Eastern Norway; among other things the squads read the letter out to people, signalling that a new ruler could be on his way. However, few peasants joined the would-be rebellion, but other sources say that many farmers and bourgeoisie in Eastern Norway rose up in rebellion for the Archbishop, but it soon failed as no actual support from Frederick or Charles came.[4][6] In the winter of 1537, then, Frederick did send two ships from the Habsburg Netherlands. However, this was to no avail as the King of Denmark mounted a naval offensive to secure Norway around the same time. Olav Engelbrektsson fled the country in April, bishops Hoskuld Hoskuldsson and Mogens Lauritssøn were arrested, in June, other supporters were punished and the Catholic Church in Norway and the Council of the Realm were abolished.[7]
Frederick and his wife Dorothea never gave up on his claim to the throne of Norway (and also Denmark), and worked actively to have the Emperor Charles V to support it. In 1539, they visited the Emperor in Spain to press the matter, but without success. [8] In 1544, Frederick became Elector Palatine. The Emperor officially acknowledged Christian III as king of Denmark and Norway the same year, in the Treaty of Speyer, but Frederick continued to press his claim until his death.
Prince-elector of the Electoral Palatinate
In March 1544, Frederick succeeded his brother Louis V as
Ancestors
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References
- ISBN 9780802085771.
- ^ Karl Eduard Förstemann, ed., Urkundenbuch zu der Geschichte des Reichstages zu Augsburg im Jahre 1530, vol. 1 (Halle, 1833), p. 304 [repr. (Osnabrück, 1966)]. Also in: Kohler, ed., Quellen, p. 160.
- ^ Brandi, Karl. The Emperor Charles V: The Growth and Destiny of a Man and of a World-Empire. Translated by C. V. Wedgewood. Oxford: Alden, 1939. (orig. German, 1935), 78-79.
- ^ ISBN 82-521-5182-5.
- ^ Ersland and Sandvik, 1999: pp. 145-146
- ^ Rian, Øystein. "Olav Engelbrektsson". In Helle, Knut (ed.). Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
- ^ Ersland and Sandvik, 1999: p. 150
- ^ Julia Cartwright: Christina of Denmark. Duchess of Milan and Lorraine. 1522-1590, New York, 1913
- Fuchs, Peter (1961). "Friedrich II. der Weise". Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 5. pp. 528–530.
External links
Media related to Frederick II, Elector Palatine at Wikimedia Commons