Gadaw
Gadaw (
It is traditionally done on New Year's Day of
The tradition is widely believed to have Buddhist roots, as teachers and parents (မိဘ၊ ဆရာသမား) are honored as part of the Five Infinite Venerables (အနန္တငါးပါး), along with the
The collective gadaw of teachers is called a hsaya gadaw pwe (ဆရာကန်တော့ပွဲ) or more formally acariya puja pwe or asariya puzaw pwe (အာစရိယပူဇော်ပွဲ), usually done formally during the month of Thadingyut (or World Teachers' Day on 5 October) by students or alumni at schools and universities throughout the country.[6][1]
During the time of the Burmese monarchy, a ritualized gadaw ceremony called the gadaw pwedaw (ကန်တော့ပွဲတော်) was practised at least three times a year at the royal palace, by tributary chieftains and rulers as well as subjects to the king, as a symbolic form of allegiance.[7][8] Gadaw nay (ကန်တော့နေ့) was one such time, occurring at the end of the Buddhist lent, and when tributes and gifts are formally offered to the king.[9]
The traditional Burmese request of the Three Jewels (Triple Gem), a formulaic prayer (termed
ဩကာသ ၊ ဩကာသ ၊ ဩကာသ။ |
I request! I request! I request! Samgha (with my parents and teachers) once, twice, and three times.As a result of this meritorious act of prostration may I be freed at all times from the woeful realms, the three kinds of catastrophes, the eight kinds of wrong circumstances, the five kinds of enemies, the four kinds of misfortunes, the five kinds of loss, the ninety six or ninety eight kinds of diseases, and the sixty two kinds of wrong views; and quickly attain the Path, the Fruition, and the Noble Dhamma of Nibbāna. |
A more ritualized form called the wai khru is found in neighboring Thailand. A similar tradition, called dam hua is practiced in the Lanna region of Northern Thailand, especially during Songkran, the Thai new year.[11]
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-5381-0183-4.
- ^ Moe Moe Oo; Moh Moh Thaw (17 October 2005). "Paper lanterns and coloured lights: Thadingyut celebrations are again upon us". Myanmar Times. Archived from the original on July 8, 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
- ^ http://www.myanmar.gov.mm/Perspective/persp1997/11-97/eld11-97.htm[permanent dead link]
- ^ Cherry Thein (12 October 2009). "Thadingyut, a time to honour teachers". Myanmar Times. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
- ^ Ma Thanegi (February 2014). "Customs, Ceremonies and Festivals" (PDF). My Magical Myanmar. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
- ^ http://www.myanmar.gov.mm/Article/Article2004/Oct04/Oct05.htm[permanent dead link]
- ^ Cyril Henry Philips, ed. (1951). Handbook of oriental history. Vol. 6. University of London School of Oriental and African Studies. p. 121.
- ISBN 978-1-5381-0183-4.
- ISBN 978-1-115-23195-4. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ISBN 0-520-04672-2.
- ^ Delaney, William Phillip (1977). Socio-Cultural Aspects of Aging in Buddhist Northern Thailand (PDF) (Ph.D thesis). Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. p. 156. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2010-09-19.