Geotrichum

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Geotrichum
"Geotrichum candidum"
Geotrichum candidum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Saccharomycetes
Order: Saccharomycetales
Family: Dipodascaceae
Genus: Geotrichum
Link, 1809
Species

See text

Geotrichum is a genus of

human flora and is isolated from sputum and feces. It was first described in 1809 by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link.[1]

The genus Geotrichum includes over 100 species. Some are welcome and even considered desirable. For example, skilled cheesemakers create conditions favorable for the formation of a Geotrichum candidum rind on certain goat's milk and cow's milk cheeses, proudly declaring the rind to be the most flavorful part of such cheeses. Another example is the presence of some Geotrichum species in fermented poi.

The most clinically relevant species is Saprochaeta capitata, formerly known as Geotrichum capitatum, with most cases occurring in Europe.[2][3]

mold-like strains have been identified.[5]

The most important risk factor for invasive fungal infection related to Geotrichum is severe immunosuppression, especially in hematological malignancies as acute leukemia, associated with profound and prolonged neutropenia.[2][6]

Fungemia is very common, often with deep organ involvement (lung, liver, spleen, and central nervous system) and also skin and mucous membranes lesions.[7] There is no optimal treatment for Geotrichum infections but based on existing data guidelines recommend amphotericin B with or without co-administered flucytosine or with voriconazole showing good in vitro susceptibility.

Mortality associated with Geotrichum-related infections is high, ranging from 57% to 80%.[8]

Increasing the knowledge on Geotrichum related invasive fungal infections may improve early diagnosis and adequate treatment of these severe infections.

History

The genus Geotrichum was described by

hyphae and the production of single-spored asci. However, unlike Geotrichum, members of the genus Dipodascus lack dichotomous branching of the peripheral hyphae and their growth rates are generally less than 3 mm per day.[11]

Species

Species in this genus include the following:[12]

References

  1. JSTOR 3755804
    .
  2. ^
    PMID 15815003
    .
  3. PMID 23583265
    .
  4. PMID 25516620
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  5. PMID 12038569
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  6. PMID 15071063
    .
  7. PMID 14727202
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  8. PMID 11757845
    .
  9. ^ Anonymous. "Geotrichum". MycoBank.
  10. PMID 15924999
    .
  11. ISBN 9780122204029.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  12. ^ "Geotrichum". Mycobank. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
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