Gyrton (Thessaly)

Coordinates: 39°47′53″N 22°34′11″E / 39.798151°N 22.569853°E / 39.798151; 22.569853
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

39°47′53″N 22°34′11″E / 39.798151°N 22.569853°E / 39.798151; 22.569853

Map showing ancient Thessaly. Gyrton is shown in the upper centre north of Larissa.

Gyrton (

Phlegyae, and to have been founded by Gyrton, the brother of Phlegyas.[7][8]
Others say that it derived its name from Gyrtone, who is called a daughter of Phlegyas.[9]

The Gyrtonians are mentioned among the Thessalians who sent aid to the Athenians at the commencement of the Peloponnesian War.[10] The name of the city frequently occurs at a later period, by Livy, Polybius,[11] Pomponius Mela/[12] Pliny the Elder,[13] and Ptolemy.[14]

Gyrton also minted coins.[15]

The location of Gyrton is a site called Mourlari, southeast of the modern town of Evangelismos.[16][17]

Archaeology

The acropolis and the lower city were fortified, possibly already in the Archaic Period. The walls were built with slate.[18]

Gyrton minted silver and bronze coins in the

obverse a young Gyrton next to the head of a horse, or of Apollo or of Zeus laureate. On the reverse was the nymph Gyrtona, The legends were "ΓΥΡΥΟΝΙΟΝ", "ΓΥΡΤΩΝΙΟΝ", or "ΓΥΡΤΩΝΙΩΝ".[19]

References

  1. ^ a b Homer. Iliad. Vol. 2.738.
  2. ISBN 0-19-814099-1
    .
  3. ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. ix. pp. 439, 441. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  4. Ab urbe condita Libri
    [History of Rome]. Vol. 36.10, 42.54.
  5. Ab urbe condita Libri
    [History of Rome]. Vol. 42.54.
  6. ^ Apollonius of Rhodes. Argonautica. Vol. 1.57.
  7. ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. ix. p.442. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  8. ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. sub voce Γυρτών.
  9. ^ A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Gyrton
  10. ^ Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 2.22.
  11. ^ Polybius. The Histories. Vol. 18.5.
  12. ^ Pomponius Mela. De situ orbis. Vol. 2.3.
  13. ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.9.16.
  14. ^ Ptolemy. The Geography. Vol. 3.13.43.
  15. ^ Public Domain Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Gyrton". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
  16. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9
    .
  17. ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
  18. ^ Stählin, F. (1924). Das hellenische Thessalien, pp. 88-89.
  19. ^ Rogers, E. (1932). The Copper Coinage of Thessaly, pp. 227-237.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Gyrton". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.


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