HMS Hogue (1900)

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For other ships with the same name, see HMS Hogue.

Hogue at anchor
History
United Kingdom
NameHMS Hogue
Namesake
Battle of La Hogue
Builder
Vickers, Sons & Maxim, Barrow-in-Furness
Laid down14 July 1898
Launched13 August 1900
CompletedOctober 1902
Commissioned19 November 1902
FateSunk by U-9, 22 September 1914
General characteristics
Class and type
armoured cruiser
Displacement12,000 long tons (12,000 t) (normal)
Length472 ft (143.9 m) (o/a)
Beam69 ft 6 in (21.2 m)
Draught26 ft 9 in (8.2 m) (maximum)
Installed power
  • 21,000 ihp (16,000 kW)
  • 30
    Belleville boilers
Propulsion
  • 2 × Shafts
  • 2 ×
    Triple-expansion steam engines
Speed21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph)
Complement725–760
Armament
Armour

HMS Hogue was a

China Station. In 1906 she became a training ship for the North America and West Indies Station before being placed in reserve in 1908. Recommissioned at the start of World War I, she played a minor role in the Battle of Heligoland Bight a few weeks after the beginning of the war. Hogue was sunk by the German submarine U-9, together with two of her sister ships, on 22 September 1914
.

Design and description

Hogue was designed to

Belleville boilers. The engines were designed to give a maximum speed of 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph), although Hogue reached 22.06 knots (40.86 km/h; 25.39 mph) with 21,432 indicated horsepower (15,982 kW) on her sea trials.[2] She carried a maximum of 1,600 long tons (1,600 t) of coal and her complement ranged from 725[3] to 760 officers and ratings.[4]

Her main armament consisted of two

18-inch torpedo tubes.[4]

The ship's waterline armour belt had a maximum thickness of 6 inches (152 mm) and was closed off by 5-inch (127 mm) transverse bulkheads. The armour of the gun turrets and their barbettes was 6 inches thick while the casemate armour was 5 inches thick. The protective deck armour ranged in thickness from 1–3 inches (25–76 mm) and the conning tower was protected by 12 inches (305 mm) of armour.[4]

Construction and service

Launching of Hogue, 1900

Hogue, named after the 1692

Plymouth to begin fitting out in September 1901,[10] and commenced her sea trials in early December.[11] Hogue was completed in late Autumn the following year, and commissioned at Devonport on 19 November 1902.[12] She was assigned to the Channel Squadron. On 11 March 1904 she collided with the merchant ship SS Meurthe off Europa Point. Later that year she was transferred to the China Station after a refit.[9]

Two years later Hogue became the boys' training ship for the

7th Cruiser Squadron shortly after the outbreak of World War I in August 1914.[13]

The squadron was tasked with patrolling the Broad Fourteens of the North Sea in support of a force of destroyers and submarines based at Harwich which protected the eastern end of the English Channel from German warships attempting to attack the supply route between England and France. During the Battle of Heligoland Bight on 28 August, the ship was part of Cruiser Force 'C', in reserve off the Dutch coast, and saw no action.[14] Hogue did, however, tow the heavily damaged light cruiser Arethusa, flagship of the commander of the Harwich Force, Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt, back to port after the battle was over.[15]

Fate

Main article: Action of 22 September 1914
Manoeuvres

On the morning of 22 September, Hogue and her sisters,

line abreast, about 2,000 yards (1,800 m) apart, at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). They were not expecting submarine attack, but they had lookouts posted and had one gun manned on each side to attack any submarines sighted. The weather had moderated earlier that morning and Tyrwhitt was en route to reinforce the cruisers with eight destroyers.[16]

Arthur Thiele, "Submarine U-9 attacking the English cruisers Hogue, Aboukir, and Cressy"

U-9, commanded by

capsized around 06:55. As Hogue approached her sinking sister, Captain Wilmot Nicholson realized that it had been a submarine attack and signalled Cressy to look for a periscope although his ship continued to close on Aboukir as her crew threw overboard anything that would float to aid the survivors in the water. Having stopped and lowered all her boats, Hogue was struck by two torpedoes around 06:55. The sudden weight loss of the two torpedoes caused U-9 to broach the surface and Hogue's gunners opened fire without effect before the submarine could submerge again. The cruiser capsized about ten minutes after being torpedoed as all of her watertight doors had been open and sank at 07:15.[17]

Victories of U-9 on a postcard

Cressy attempted to ram the submarine, but did not hit anything and resumed her rescue efforts until she too was torpedoed at 07:20. She too took on a heavy list and then capsized before sinking at 07:55. Several Dutch ships began rescuing survivors at 08:30 and were joined by British fishing trawlers before Tyrwhitt and his ships arrived at 10:45. The combined total from all three ships was 837 men rescued and 62 officers and 1,397 ratings lost.[18] Hogue lost 377 men.[19]

In 1954 the British government sold the salvage rights to all three ships to a German company and they were subsequently sold again to a Dutch salvage company which began salvaging the wrecks' metal in 2011.[20][21]

Notes

  1. ^ "Cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 12 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Friedman 2012, pp. 335–36
  2. ^ Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 69
  3. ^ a b Friedman 2012, p. 336
  4. ^ a b c Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 68
  5. ^ Friedman 2011, pp. 71–72
  6. ^ Friedman 2012, pp. 243, 260–61
  7. ^ Friedman 2011, pp. 80–81
  8. ^ Friedman 2012, pp. 243, 336
  9. ^ a b Silverstone, p. 239
  10. ^ "Naval & Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 36561. London. 16 September 1901. p. 8.
  11. ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36629. London. 4 December 1901. p. 10.
  12. ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36930. London. 20 November 1902. p. 10.
  13. ^ Friedman 2012, p. 241; Silverstone, p. 239
  14. ^ Corbett, pp. 100, 171–72
  15. ^ Osborne, p. 104
  16. ^ Corbett, pp. 172–175
  17. ^ Massie, pp. 133–135
  18. ^ Massie, p. 135
  19. ^ The Dreadnought Project: H.M.S. Hogue (1900).
  20. ^ "Booty Trawl". Private Eye (1302). Pressdram: 31. 2011.(subscription required)
  21. ^ Ambrogi, Stefano (12 October 2011). "Scrap metal hunt is wrecking UK warship graves - veterans". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to HMS Hogue.

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