HMS Zephyr (1895)
HMS Zephyr with four funnels, after reboilering and the addition of three funnels.
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History | |
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United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Zephyr |
Builder | Hanna, Donald & Wilson, Paisley |
Laid down | 23 April 1894 |
Launched | 10 May 1895 |
Completed | July 1901 |
Fate | Scrapped 1920 |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Fervent-class destroyer |
Displacement |
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Length |
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Beam | 19 ft (5.8 m) |
Draught | 7 ft 3 in (2.21 m) |
Installed power | 4,000 ihp (3.0 MW) |
Propulsion |
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Speed | 26 knots (48 km/h)[1] |
Armament |
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HMS Zephyr was one of two Fervent-class destroyers which served with the Royal Navy. She was launched on 10 May 1895 from Hanna, Donald & Wilson at Paisley, Scotland. She served in home waters, and was sold in 1920.
Construction and design
HMS Zephyr was one of two "twenty-seven knotter"
Zephyr was 204 feet 6 inches (62.33 m)
Zephyr was laid down at Hanna, Donald & Wilson's Paisley yard on 23 May 1894 and launched on 10 May 1895.[2] The fire-tube locomotive boilers chosen by Hanna, Donald & Wilson, and the two ships were unable to reach the required speed. In August 1897, it was agreed to replace the locomotive boilers with four Reed water tube boilers, which resulted in the ships' single funnels being removed and replaced by four funnels. Despite the revised machinery, Zephyr and sister ship Fervent were still unable to reach the contract speed of 27 knots, but were eventually accepted into service, with Zephyr completing in July 1901, the last of the "twenty-seven knotters" to enter service with the Royal Navy.[13][14]
Service history
Zephyr took part in the Naval Manoeuvres in July 1901.
Between 1910 and 1912, Zephyr served as part of the
By February 1913, Zephyr was not part of an active flotilla, but was attached as a tender to the torpedo school at
Zephyr joined the Nore Local Defence Flotilla on the outbreak of war,[36] remaining a part of that formation in August 1916,[37] and after a break, from November that year.[38][39] Zephyr underwent a long refit in the summer of 1917,[40] remaining as part of the Nore Local Defence Flotilla, until February 1918, when she joined the Irish Sea Flotilla.[41][42] Zephyr continued operations in the Irish Sea, based at Kingstown (now Dún Laoghaire) in the south of Ireland, until the end of the war.[43]
She was sold on 10 February 1920 to the ship breakers Thos. W. Ward at their Rainham yard.[32]
Notes
- ^ In total, 36 destroyers were ordered as part of this programme.[3]
- ^ "Cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 12cwt referring to the weight of the gun.
- ^ In practice, by 1908, most twenty-seven knotters, including Zephyr, carried both the full torpedo and gun armaments at the same time.[8]
- ^ The Fervent class were the only contemporary destroyers to be built with a single funnel.[2]
Citations
- ^ a b Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 92.
- ^ a b c d Lyon 2001, p. 75.
- ^ Lyon 2001, pp. 19–20.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 20.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 98.
- ^ Lyon 2001, pp. 98–99.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 40.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 100.
- ^ Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 87.
- ^ Manning 1961, p. 39.
- ^ a b Friedman 2009, p. 291.
- ^ Lyon 2001, pp. 20–21, 75.
- ^ Lyon 2001, pp. 75–76.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 44.
- ^ "The Naval Manœuvres". The Times. No. 36504. 11 July 1901. p. 8.
- ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36535. London. 16 August 1901. p. 6.
- ^ Brassey 1902, p. 90.
- ^ "Australian Squadron: Flotilla of Destroyers". Adelaide Observer. 7 September 1901. p. 30.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 76.
- ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36748. London. 22 April 1902. p. 12.
- ^ Lyon 2009, p. 112.
- ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36794. London. 14 June 1902. p. 9.
- ^ "The Coronation - Naval Review". The Times. No. 36845. London. 13 August 1902. p. 4.
- ^ "British Destroyer Rammed". Sheffield Daily Telegraph. 19 August 1904. p. 3.
- ^ "Accident to a Destroyer". Western Daily Press. 19 August 1904. p. 7.
- ^ a b "NMM, vessel ID 379142" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol iv. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
- ^ "Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Portsmouth Dockyard". The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect. Vol. 30. 1 March 1908. p. 320.
- ^ "Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Sheerness Dockyard". The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect. Vol. 33. July 1911. p. 439.
- ^ "Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Sheerness Dockyard". The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect. Vol. 34. September 1911. p. 38.
- ^ Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 18.
- ^ Manning 1961, pp. 17–18.
- ^ a b Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 56.
- ^ "Fleets and Squadrons in Commission at Home and Abroad: Torpedo Craft and Submarine Flotillas at Home Ports". The Navy List: 270b. March 1913. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Fleets and Squadrons in Commission at Home and Abroad: Torpedo Craft and Submarine Flotillas at Home Ports". The Navy List: 270b. May 1913. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Fleets and Squadrons in Commission at Home and Abroad: Torpedo Craft and Submarine Flotillas at Home Ports". The Navy List: 270c. August 1914. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Ships of the Royal Navy - Location/Action Date, 1914–1918: Part 2 - Admiralty "Pink Lists", 5 August 1914". Naval-History.net. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: VIII.—Local Defence Flotillas". The Navy List: 17. August 1916. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: VIII.—Local Defence Flotillas". The Navy List: 17. October 1916. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: VIII.—Local Defence Flotillas". The Navy List. November 1916. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Ships of the Royal Navy - Location/Action Date, 1914–1918: Part 2 - Admiralty "Pink Lists", 30 June 1917". Naval-History.net. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: VIII.—Local Defence Flotillas". The Navy List: 18. February 1918. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: Irish Sea Flotilla". March 1918: 19. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
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(help) - ^ "Ships of the Royal Navy - Location/Action Date, 1914–1918: Part 2 - Admiralty "Pink Lists", 11 November 1918". Naval-History.net. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
References
- Brassey, T.A. (1902). The Naval Annual 1902. Portsmouth, UK: J. Griffin and Co.
- Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M, eds. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
- ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Dittmar, F.J.; Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0380-7.
- Donald, William (2012). "A Shipbuilder's Problems: Hanna, Donald, & Wilson and the Early Destroyer". Warship International. XLIX (1): 45–58. ISSN 0043-0374.
- Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. New York: Mayflower Books Inc. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
- Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Lyon, David (2001). The First Destroyers. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN 1-84067-3648.
- Manning, T. D. (1961). The British Destroyer. Putnam and Co. OCLC 6470051.
- March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.