Hammar Marshes
UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
---|---|
Part of | Ahwar of Southern Iraq |
Criteria | Mixed: (iii)(v)(ix)(x) |
Reference | 1481-003 |
Inscription | 2016 (40th Session) |
Area | 20,342 ha (78.54 sq mi) |
Buffer zone | 12,721 ha (49.12 sq mi) |
Coordinates | 30°44′21″N 47°26′19″E / 30.73917°N 47.43861°E |
UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
---|---|
Part of | Ahwar of Southern Iraq |
Criteria | Mixed: (iii)(v)(ix)(x) |
Reference | 1481-004 |
Inscription | 2016 (40th Session) |
Area | 79,991 ha (308.85 sq mi) |
Buffer zone | 68,403 ha (264.11 sq mi) |
Coordinates | 30°50′30″N 46°41′03″E / 30.84167°N 46.68417°E |
Designations | |
---|---|
Official name | Hammar Marsh |
Designated | 7 April 2014 |
Reference no. | 2242[1] |
The Hammar Marshes (
Geography
The Hammar Marshes are located in the
The shallow
Ethnic groups
The main ethnic group in the area is the Marsh Arabs.[1]
History
Massive drainage projects were started in the 1990s. Canals and embankments were built that split the once contiguous wetland into two, the West and East Hammar Marshes. An additional barrier between the two parts is the Rumaila oil field.[1] By 2000, less than 15% of the Hammar Marshes remained. Following the
Wildlife
Flora
The main plant species in the Hammar Marshes are
Fauna
Bird counts between 2003 and 2005 revealed that the most common species in the Hammar Marshes are little egret, black-headed gull, slender-billed gull, common gull and little tern.[2] Notable birds include western marsh harrier, purple heron, grey heron, great cormorant, western cattle egret, black-winged stilt, little grebe, pied kingfisher, white-throated kingfisher and malachite kingfisher, white wagtail, isabelline shrike, bluethroat, Iraq babbler, white-eared bulbul, graceful prinia, common chiffchaff and house sparrow.[1]
Mammal-oriented surveys carried out between 2009 and 2012 revealed the presence of
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Al Shabeeb, S. (2015). Ramsar Information Sheet for Site no. 2242, Hammar Marsh, Iraq (PDF). Gland: Ramsar Sites Information Service.
- ^ .
- ^ S2CID 83503578.
- ^ Al Sheikhly, O. F.; Haba, M. K.; Barbanera, F.; Csorba, G.; Harrison, D. L. (2015). "Checklist of the Mammals of Iraq (Chordata: Mammalia)". Bonn Zoological Bulletin. 64 (1): 33–58.
External links
- Iraq Foundation: Eden Again Project Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine