Hell Town, Ohio
Hell Town is the name for a Lenape (or Delaware) Native-American village located on Clear Creek near the abandoned town of Newville, in the U.S. state of Ohio.[1] The site is on a high hill just north of the junction of Clear Creek and the Black Fork of the Mohican River.[1]
After the signing of the
Anthropological investigations in the late 19th century found that the site of the village was a high mound composed primarily of sandstone rocks, held in place with packed earth.[1] A number of Lenape graves existed at the site until 1881, but local farmers plowed them under over the next two years.[1] Diggings at the site found two iron knives, an iron tomahawk, stone arrowheads, a stone axe, a gun flint, and some brass mountings from a musket.[1]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Case, "Description of Mounds and Earthworks in Ashland County, Ohio," in Miscellaneous Papers Relating to Anthropology, 1883, p. 74.
- ^ Keenan, Encyclopedia of American Indian Wars, 1492-1890, 1999, p. 234; Moore, The Northwest Under Three Flags, 1635-1796, 1900, p. 151.
- ^ Wheeler-Voegelin and Tanner, Indians of Northern Ohio and Southeastern Michigan: An Ethnohistorical Report, 1974, p. 193.
- ^ Roeber and Kade, Ethnographies and Exchanges: Native Americans, Moravians, and Catholics in Early North America, 2008, p. 159.
- ^ Jennings and McNickle, The History and Culture of Iroquois Diplomacy, 1985, p. 216.
- ^ Wheeler-Voegelin and Tanner, Indians of Northern Ohio and Southeastern Michigan: An Ethnohistorical Report, 1974, p. 159.
- ^ Howe, Historical Collections of Ohio..., 1896, p. 256.
- ^ Olmstead, Blackcoats Among the Delaware: David Zeisberger on the Ohio Frontier, 1991, p. 54-55; Schonberg, Ohio Native Peoples, 2010, p. 25; Sisson, The American Midwest: An Interpretive Encyclopedia, 2006, p. 1744-1745.
- ^ Cherry, The Portage Path, 1911, p. 64.
Bibliography
- Case, H.B. "Description of Mounds and Earthworks in Ashland County, Ohio." In Miscellaneous Papers Relating to Anthropology. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1883.
- Cherry, Peter Peterson. The Portage Path. Akron, Ohio: The Western Reserve Company, 1911.
- Howe, Henry. Historical Collections of Ohio: Containing a Collection of the Most Interesting Facts, Traditions, Biographical Sketches, Anecdotes, Etc. Relating to Its Counties, Principal Towns and Villages. Norwalk, Ohio: Laning Printing Co., 1896.
- Jennings, Francis and McNickle, D'Arcy. The History and Culture of Iroquois Diplomacy. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1985.
- Keenan, Jerry. Encyclopedia of American Indian Wars, 1492-1890. New York: W.W. Norton, 1999.
- Moore, Charles. The Northwest Under Three Flags, 1635-1796. New York: Harper and Bros., 1900.
- Olmstead, Earl P. Blackcoats Among the Delaware: David Zeisberger on the Ohio Frontier. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1991.
- Roeber, A.G. and Kade, Max. Ethnographies and Exchanges: Native Americans, Moravians, and Catholics in Early North America. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008.
- Schonberg, Marcia. Ohio Native Peoples. Chicago, Ill.: Heinemann Library, 2010.
- Sisson, Richard. The American Midwest: An Interpretive Encyclopedia. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 2006.
- Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie and Tanner, Helen Hornbeck. Indians of Northern Ohio and Southeastern Michigan: An Ethnohistorical Report. New York: Garland Publishing, 1974.