Helmut Grollmus
Helmut Grollmus | |
|---|---|
| Born | 8 January 1918 JG 54 |
| Commands held | 2./JG 54 |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | |
Helmut Grollmus (8 January 1918 – 19 June 1944) was a
fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. Helmuth Grollmus was credited with 75 aerial victories during World War II. In 1944 he was killed in action during a dogfight over Finland.[2]
Career
Grollmus was born on 8 January 1918 in Lissa, at the time in the Province of Posen, a province of the Kingdom of Prussia. Today Lissa is Leszno in western Poland. Following flight training, Grollmus was posted to the Ergänzungsjagdgruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing), a supplementary training group, in November 1941.[3] On 9 March 1942, the Ergänzungsgruppe of JG 54 was disbanded and the pilots were transferred to I. Gruppe (1st group) of JG 54.[4] In consequence, Grollmus was transferred to 2. Staffel of JG 54.[5] As part of a Luftwaffe plan to exchange fighter units operating on the Eastern Front with fighter units flying on the Western Front, Grollmus was assigned to 12. Staffel of JG 54 in July 1943 which had been newly formed from elements of 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter" (JG 26—26th Fighter Wing) and 4. Staffel of JG 54 and was subordinated to II. Gruppe of JG 54.[6]
He has been credited with 75 aerial victories.Viipuri, Finland 19 June 1944.[8][1] Grollmus parachuted out safely but was killed by ground fire. He is buried in the Helsinki-Hietaniemi Cemetery.[5]
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to Spick, Grollmus was credited with 75 aerial victories claimed in an unknown number missions on the Eastern Front.[8] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 68 aerial victory claims, all of which claimed on the Eastern Front.[9]
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 10163". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15
minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[10]
| Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
| |||||||||
| Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
| – 1. Staffel of Ergänzungsgruppe/Jagdgeschwader 54 –[11] Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 9 March 1942 | |||||||||
| 1 | 28 January 1942?[Note 1] | 09:42 | I-18 (MiG-1) | southwest of Malaya Vishera[13] | 2?[Note 2] | 5 February 1942 | 08:50 | I-18 (MiG-1) | Malaya Vishera[13] |
| – 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[14] Eastern Front — 1 May 1942 – 3 February 1943 | |||||||||
| 3 | 21 July 1942?[Note 3] | 19:09 | MiG-3[15] | 5 | 15 January 1943 | 13:50 | Il-2 | PQ 10163[16] southwest of Vishera | |
| 4 | 23 July 1942?[Note 4] | 08:05 | MiG-3[15] | ||||||
| – 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[11] Eastern Front — 1 May – 30 June 1943 | |||||||||
| 6 | 24 February 1943 | 11:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 10162[17] | 7 | 28 February 1943 | 15:40 | Pe-2 | PQ 26 Ost 90164[17] southeast of Shlisselburg |
| – 12. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[14] Eastern Front — 1 July – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
| 8 | 12 July 1943 | 14:44 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 64683[18] southeast of Shlisselburg |
26 | 1 September 1943 | 18:17 | Il-2?[Note 5] | PQ 35 Ost 35363[19] 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Yelnya |
| 9 | 13 July 1943 | 05:27 | Yak-7 | PQ 35 Ost 64894[18] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Lomonosov |
27 | 7 October 1943 | 07:23 | La-5 | southwest of Oster[20] |
| 10 | 13 July 1943 | 10:45 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 63256[18] | 28 | 11 October 1943 | 12:32 | Yak-9 | east of the Dnieper[20] |
| 11 | 13 July 1943 | 10:48 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 63283[18] 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Mtsensk |
29 | 13 October 1943 | 05:56 | Yak-9 | southeast of Kiev[21]
|
| 12 | 1 August 1943 | 07:16?[Note 6] | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 10143[22] south of Shlisselburg |
30 | 13 October 1943 | 06:07 | Yak-9 | southeast of Kiev[21] |
| 13 | 2 August 1943 | 10:13 | LaGG-3 | PQ 36 Ost 10322[22] 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Mga |
31 | 21 October 1943 | 09:48 | Il-2 | eastern bank of the Dnieper[21] |
| 14 | 3 August 1943 | 14:02 | Yak-7 | PQ 36 Ost 10272[22] 25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Mga |
32 | 21 October 1943 | 09:56 | Pe-2 | eastern bank of the Dnieper[21] |
| 15 | 8 August 1943 | 17:10 | Yak-7 | PQ 35 Ost 5336[22] | 33 | 21 October 1943 | 15:20 | La-5 | west-northwest of Rshitschtschew[21] |
| 16 | 13 August 1943 | 16:31?[Note 7] | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 44891[23] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Karachev |
34 | 24 October 1943 | 14:56 | La-5 | northeast of Kanev[24] |
| 17 | 14 August 1943 | 05:05 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 4575[23] | 35 | 3 November 1943 | 14:56 | Yak-9 | south of Ljutesh[25] |
| 18 | 16 August 1943 | 13:15?[Note 8] | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 45553[23] 15 km (9.3 mi) north-northeast of Kirov |
36 | 5 November 1943 | 14:29 | Il-2 | southeastern suburbs of Kiev[25] |
| 19 | 19 August 1943 | 12:47 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 43863[23] 25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Sevsk |
37 | 5 November 1943 | 14:41 | Il-2 | southern suburbs of Kiev[25] |
| 20 | 23 August 1943 | 13:32 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 53413[19] 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Dmitrowsk |
38 | 22 November 1943 | 14:19 | Il-2 | east of Zhytomyr[26] |
| 21 | 24 August 1943 | 07:06 | DB-3 | PQ 35 Ost 44452[19] | 39 | 22 November 1943 | 14:23 | Yak-9 | east of Zhytomyr[26] |
| 22 | 24 August 1943 | 07:12 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 44532[19] 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Datrovo |
40 | 29 November 1943 | 06:54 | La-5 | west of Kornin[26] |
| 23 | 26 August 1943 | 16:05 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 43794[19] 15 km (9.3 mi) south-southwest of Sevsk |
41 | 29 November 1943 | 06:55 | La-5 | west of Kornin[26] |
| 24 | 26 August 1943 | 16:10 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 43782[19] 15 km (9.3 mi) south-southwest of Sevsk |
42 | 29 November 1943 | 10:38 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 91531[26] 30 km (19 mi) north of Zelenogorsk |
| 25 | 31 August 1943 | 10:05 | Yak-9 | PQ 35 Ost 25463[19] 20 km (12 mi) west of Yelnya |
43 | 13 December 1943 | 12:34 | Il-2 | northeast of Hrebinky[26] |
| – 12. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[12] Eastern Front — January 1944 | |||||||||
| 44 | 24 January 1944 | 10:26 | La-5 | 35 km (22 mi) east-southeast of Narva | 46 | 29 January 1944 | 10:34 | Yak-9 | 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Lissino |
| 45 | 24 January 1944 | 10:32 | Il-2 | 35 km (22 mi) southwest of Lissino | |||||
| – 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[12] Eastern Front — February 1944 | |||||||||
| 47 | 13 February 1944 | 13:36 | La-5 | 20 km (12 mi) south of Siversky | 48 | 16 February 1944 | 10:28 | U-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Leningrad
|
| – 4. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[27] Eastern Front — March – 19 June 1944 | |||||||||
| 49 | 7 March 1944 | 08:49 | Yak-9 | Baltic Sea, 45 km (28 mi) northeast of Kunda | 60 | 8 April 1944 | 09:52 | Il-2 | 40 km (25 mi) southeast of Ostrov |
| 50 | 19 March 1944 | 08:57 | LaGG-3 | 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Pskov | 61 | 15 April 1944 | 15:06 | Yak-9 | east of Ostrov |
| 51 | 19 March 1944 | 09:10 | LaGG-3 | 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Pskov | 62 | 17 June 1944 | 13:35 | Il-2 | 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Zelenogorsk |
| 52 | 19 March 1944 | 09:18 | Yak-9 | 15 km (9.3 mi) north-northwest of Pskov | 63 | 17 June 1944 | 13:40 | Il-2 | 35 km (22 mi) south-southeast of Vyborg |
| 53 | 26 March 1944 | 13:00 | Yak-9 | 40 km (25 mi) west of Pskov | 64♠ | 19 June 1944 | 12:53 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Vyborg |
| 54 | 26 March 1944 | 15:38 | Pe-2 | 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Pskov | 65♠ | 19 June 1944 | 12:56 | Il-2 | 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Vyborg |
| 55 | 27 March 1944 | 06:26 | Yak-9 | 66♠ | 19 June 1944 | 14:48 | P-39 | 20 km (12 mi) southeast of Vyborg | |
| 56 | 1 April 1944 | 10:24 | Yak-9 | 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Selo | 67♠ | 19 June 1944 | 17:07 | Il-2 | 30 km (19 mi) south-southeast of Vyborg |
| 57 | 3 April 1944 | 12:33 | Yak-9 | 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Selo | 68♠ | 19 June 1944 | 17:42 | Il-2 | 35 km (22 mi) southeast of Vyborg |
| 58 | 7 April 1944 | 09:43 | Il-2 | vicinity of Selo | 69♠ | 19 June 1944 | 20:25 | P-39 | 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Vyborg |
| 59 | 8 April 1944 | 09:47 | Il-2 | 40 km (25 mi) southeast of Ostrov | |||||
Awards
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 1 November 1943 as Unteroffizier and pilot[28]
- German Cross in Gold on 12 December 1943 as Feldwebel in the 12./Jagdgeschwader 54[29]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 6 October 1944 as Leutnant and pilot in the II./Jagdgeschwader 54[30][Note 9]
See also
- List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (G)
- List of World War II aces from Germany
- List of World War II flying aces
Notes
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman, this claim is dated 28 January 1943.[12]
- ^ This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.[9]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman, this claim is dated 21 July 1943.[12]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman, this claim is dated 23 July 1943.[12]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3.[12]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07:06.[12]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 18:31.[12]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:18.[12]
- ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the 4./Jagdgeschwader 54.[31]
References
Citations
- ^ a b Hannig 2004, p. 127.
- ^ Weal 2012, p. 180.
- ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 122.
- ^ Prien et al. 2005, p. 260.
- ^ a b deZeng IV, Henry L.; Stankey, Douglas G. "Career Summaries - Luftwaffe Officers 1935 - 1945" (PDF). ww2.dk. Michael Holm. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 223–224, 264.
- ^ Heaton et al. 2011, p. 236.
- ^ a b Spick 1996, p. 237.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 429–431.
- ^ Planquadrat.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 429.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 430.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2005, p. 263.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 429–430.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 89.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 98.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2012, p. 170.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 272.
- ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2012, p. 276.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2012, p. 278.
- ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 279.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 274.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 275.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 280.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2012, p. 281.
- ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2012, p. 282.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 430–431.
- ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 89.
- ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 149.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 204.
- ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 349.
Bibliography
- Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- Hannig, Norbert (2004). Luftwaffe Fighter Ace. London: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-904010-94-4. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
- Heaton, Colin D.; Lewis, Anne-Marie; ISBN 978-1-61059-748-7.
- Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 2 G–L. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-19-6.
- Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
- Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
- Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6.12.1941 bis 30.4.1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-76-2.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1 May 1942 bis 3 February 1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-78-6.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2012). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 12/III—Einsatz im Osten—4.2. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 12/III—Action in the East—4 February to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-07-9.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
- Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces: The Jadgflieger and their Combat Tactics and Techniques. New York: ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
- Weal, John (20 October 2012). Jagdgeschwader 54 'Grünherz'. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-533-9.
