Hitzacker
Hitzacker | |
---|---|
Location of Hitzacker within Lüchow-Dannenberg district | |
Elbtalaue | |
Subdivisions | 12 parishes |
Government | |
• Mayor | Holger Mertins (FDP) |
Area | |
• Total | 58.44 km2 (22.56 sq mi) |
Elevation | 12 m (39 ft) |
Population (2022-12-31)[1] | |
• Total | 5,107 |
• Density | 87/km2 (230/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 29456 |
Dialling codes | 05862, 05858 (OT Pussade), 05861 (OT Kähmen) |
Vehicle registration | DAN |
Website | www.hitzacker.de |
Hitzacker is a town in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Elbe, approx. 8 km north of Dannenberg, and 45 km east of Lüneburg. The 2007 population of Hitzacker was 4,982, and its postal code is 29456. The mayor is Holger Mertins. The town is located on the German Timber-Frame Road and is part of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") of Elbtalaue.
The famous library now in
Geography
Location
Hitzacker is situated at the confluence of the
Its height varies from 11 m above NN at the Jeetzel confluence to 83 m above NN on the hill of Weinberg in the Klötzie. Further down the Elbe, the hill of Kniepenberg near Drethem attains 86 m above NN and offers a panoramic view over the Elbe valley depression.
Town divisions
Since the municipal reform of 1972, the borough of Hitzacker has consisted of the town itself and the 11 villages listed below.
- Bahrendorf
- Grabau
- Harlingen
- Hitzacker
- Kähmen
- Nienwedel
- Pussade
- Seerau
- Tießau
- Tiesmesland
- Wietzetze
- Wussegel
Other settlements in the borough are:
- Dötzingen, manor
- Hagen, manor
- Leitstade
- Marwedel
- Meudelfitz, manor
- Meudelfitz, settlement
- Posade, forest house (Forsthaus)
- Sarchem
- Schmessau
- Schmardau
Before 1972, Pussade and Posade Forsthaus belonged to the municipality of Harlingen, Dötzingen Manor, Hagen Manor, Marwedel, Meudelfitz Manor, Meudelfitz and Sarchem to the town of Hitzacker and Leitstade to Wietzetze. The manors of Dötzingen, Hagen and Marwedel are located today within the town of Hitzacker.
History
Man had already settled by around 3000 B.C. at the lake of Hitzackersee and the region has been continuously settled for over three thousand years.
On the Weinberg next to the present old town (Altstadt)
A manuscript referring to Hitzacker dating to 20 January 1376 states the following:[4]
- "The dukes, lot which Lord Ludolf von Tzellenstede undertook to pay on the town's behalf on 13 April next, and the 150 marks of the lot which he also agreed to pay on the following 25 December, as well as the 100 marks of the lot the council paid on behalf of Lords Ordenberg and Siegfried Bock, i.e. 280 marks of the lot and the interest due to be added to the pledge for the castles of Bleckedeand Hitzacker and the taxes from Lüneburg and Hitzacker, in the event that the lords do not repay the council on the said days, and vow also not to relieve the council from the pledges before they have repaid the sum pledged and the above money."
In 1548, on the Friday after
In 1610 a number of people in Hitzacker and the surrounding area were accused of witchcraft and sorcery.[6]
On the third day of Christmas in 1668 the church, vicarage and eight houses burned down.[7]
In the Polabian ("Wendish") language of the region that died out in the 18th century Hitzacker was called Ljauci (Lgautztgi).
The borough of Hitzacker was created as part of the municipal reform in 1972 from ten hitherto independent parishes.
Politics
The town of Hitzacker belongs to state constituency No. 48 – Elbe and federal constituency No. 38 – Lüchow-Dannenberg – Lüneburg.[8][9]
Council
The town council of Hitzacker has 17 councillors.
CDU |
SPD |
FDP |
Initiativ für Hitzacker / INI |
Total | |
2006 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 17 seats |
as at:
Mayor
The Mayor (Bürgermeister) of Hitzacker is Holger Mertins.
Partnerships
The town used to be partnered with the municipality of
Culture and places of interest
- Town roundabout with timber-framed houses and the 1589 customs house (Zollhaus)
Museums
- Hitzacker Archaeological Centre
- The Old Customs House Museum (Das Alte Zollhaus)
- Hunting Lodge and Forest Museum in Göhrde
Buildings
- Katemin Mill (Kateminer Mühle)
Other
- Excavations at the Hitzacker See
- Sacrifice stone (Opferstein) near Pudripp
- Wildlife enclosure (Wildgehege) in Hitzacker
- Prince's Graves (Fürstengräber), Marwedel
- tumulinear Pussade
- The Wirtschaftliche Forschungsgesellschaft or Wifo: former Nazi underground fuel depot in the Dötzingen Forest outside Hitzacker
- Hitzacker's shooting guild, the 'Schützengilde von 1395 zu Hitzacker (Elbe), is one of the oldest in Europe.
Economy and infrastructure
Tourism
Hitzacker has a long tradition as a tourist destination. For instance, the Local History Working Group of Lüchow-Dannenberg (Heimatkundliche Arbeitskreis Lüchow-Dannenberg or HALD) held a conference in 1983 with the title "100 Years of Tourism in Hitzacker – 50 Year Old Local History and Museum Society".
Transport
Hitzacker has a railway link to Dannenberg and Lüneburg on the
Education
There are three schools in Hitzacker:
- Hitzacker Primary School
- Bernhard Varenius School
- Hitzacker Free School
Notable townsfolk
- Bernhard Varenius (1622–1650), physician and geographer.[14]
- Ferdinand Wohltmann, (DE Wiki) (1857–1919), agronomist
- Hans Georg Ahrens, (DE Wiki) (born 1944), German opera singer
- Rudi Müller-Glöge, (DE Wiki) (born 1951), German lawyer and vice-president of the Federal Labour Court
Aristocracy
- Augustus II, Duke of Brunswick (1579–1666), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, lived locally age 25 to age 87
- Rudolph Augustus, Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1627–1704), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
- Sibylle Ursula von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1629–1671), member of the House of Welf, a translator and writer.
- Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick (1633–1714), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, writer and art lover
- Baroness Gösta von dem Bussche-Haddenhausen (1902–1996), mother of Prince Claus, moved back to Dötzingen in 1963.
- Prince Claus of the Netherlands (1926–2002), German diplomat and Prince of the Netherlands
References
- Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen.
- ^ public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hitzacker". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 540. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ [1] Archived 16 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Sudendorf, Hans, Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande, Fünfter Teil (1374–1381), Hanover, 1865, p. 79.
- ^ Blazek, Matthias, Das Löschwesen im Bereich des ehemaligen Fürstentums Lüneburg von den Anfängen bis 1900, Adelheidsdorf: 2006, p. 89.
- ^ Grässe, Johann Georg Theodor, Sagenbuch des preußischen Staats, Hildesheim, New York 1977, S. 907; Blazek, Matthias, "Aberglaube und Hexenverfolgung", in ders.: Hexenprozesse – Galgenberge – Hinrichtungen – Kriminaljustiz im Fürstentum Lüneburg und im Königreich Hannover, Stuttgart 2006, p. 62 ff.
- ^ Blazek, Löschwesen, a. a. O., p. 102.
- ^ "HALD - Herbsttagungen - HALD". Hak-ld.de. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
- ^ 62. Sommerliche Musiktage Hitzacker.
- ^ Musikwoche Hitzacker.
- ^ AZH – Archäologisches Zentrum Hitzacker::.. ARCHAEO-CENTRUM.DE[permanent dead link].
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 905. .
- Johann Parum Schultze; Reinhold Olesch (ed.): Fontes linguae Dravaenopolabicae minores et Chronica Venedica J. P. Schultzii. (= Slavic Research; Vol. 7). Böhlau, Köln and Graz 1967
- Christian Hennig von Jessen: Vocabularium Venedicum (oder Wendisches Wörter-Buch) (1705). Reprint by Reinhold Olesch. – Cologne [inter alia]: Böhlau 1959 (source for Pastor C. Hennig von Jessen was the Polabian-speaking farmer, Johann Janieschge from Klennow)
Sources
- Berndt Wachter: "Die Fortführung der Grabung auf dem Weinberg bei Hitzacker (Elbe) im Jahr 1971". In: NNU 41 (1972), p. 227 ff.
- Berndt Wachter: "Eine slawische Wallanlage – Die Grabung auf dem Weinberg in Hitzacker (Elbe) im Jahre 1972". In: NNU 42 (1973), p. 300 ff.
External links
- Hitzacker travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Website of the Elbtalaue municipality
- Official website