Huambo Province
Huambo | ||
---|---|---|
Capital Huambo | | |
Government | ||
• Governor | Joana Lina | |
• Vice-Governor for the Political, Economical and Social Sector | Maricel Marinho da Silva Capama | |
• Vice-Governor for Technical Services and Infrastructures | Calunga Francisco Zage Quissanga | |
Area | ||
• Total | 34,270 km2 (13,230 sq mi) | |
Population (2014 census)[1] | ||
• Total | 2,019,555 | |
• Density | 59/km2 (150/sq mi) | |
ISO 3166 code | AO-HUA | |
HDI (2018) | 0.526[2] low · 11th | |
Website | www |
Huambo is a province of Angola. With an area of 34,270 km2, it is one of the geographically smaller provinces, situated in the Central Region approximately 450 km south east of the capital, Luanda.
The province had a population of 2,019,555 according to the 2014 census, of which 48% are in urban areas.[1]
Terrain and climate
The foundation of the Central Plateau is a vast slab of primeval crystalline rock that frequently outcrops in the form of isolated rocks or massive peaks. The most prominent peak in the province is
Striking differences can be observed between the vegetation of the
The Central Plateau is well within the tropical zone, but altitude and the effect of the southwestern Antarctic current combine to produce a moderate climate. The annual variation of temperature is small, with maximum temperatures varying between 17 and 28 °C during much of the year. The average maximum is approximately 22 °C. During the winter months (May–July), temperatures may reach as low as 5 to 8 °C. Mean annual rainfall varies from 800 to 1600 mm, according to region. In the Central Plateau, seasonal rains begin with a few showers during September, increase during October and November, have a break of two to four weeks in December, January or February, and continue until the end of April. The heaviest rainfall is usually in November or December.
Demography
The Province of Huambo has an area of 35,771.15 km2. It is divided into 11 municipalities that are sub-divided into 37 communes. It borders the Province of
- Municipality: Bailundo:
- Commune: Bailundo: 106 villages, 838 km2
- Commune: Bimbe (M'Bimbi): 194 villages, 1,004 km2
- Commune: Hengue-Caculo: 123 villages, 1,510 km2
- Commune: Lunge: ?? villages, ??? km2
- Commune: Luvemba: 214 villages, 2,163 km2
- Municipality: Caála:
- Municipality: Ekunha(Ecunha):
- Commune: Ecunha: 80 villages, 797 km2
- Commune: Quipeio: 67 villages, 880 km2
- Municipality: Huambo:
- Municipality: Katchiungo(Catchiungo):
- Municipality: Londuimbali (Londuimbale):
- Municipality: Longonjo:
- Municipality: Mungo:
- Commune: Mungo: 139 villages, 3,500 km2
- Commune: Cambuengo: 127 villages, 1,900 km2
- Municipality: Tchicala Tcholoanga(Chicala-Choloanga):
- Municipality: Tchinjenje(Chinjenje):
- Commune: Chinjenje: 54 villages, 500 km2
- Commune: Chiaca: 57 villages, 300 km2
- Municipality: Ukuma(Ucuma):
Source : Ministry of Planning, 2003
Government
The province is headed by a Governor, currently Faustino Muteka,[4] assisted by two vice-governors (Social and Economical Affairs). The central Government is represented also by 3 Delegates who report to their Ministry and to the Governor: Finance, Justice and Interior. The rest of Ministerial Delegations became Directorates after a reform introduced in June 1998: Health, Education, Energy and Water, Urbanism, Agriculture, Social Assistance, strengthening thus even more the power of the Governor to whom they report. All 11 Municipalities are headed by the civilian Administrators, under whom come 35 Communal Administrators. These have their own politically appointed Regedores (textually, Rulers) and the traditional leaders, the Sobas, who have lost much of their ancestral significance in the decision – making process.
Transport
Two trans-African automobile routes intersect in Huambo:
- Tripoli-Cape Town Highway
- Beira-Lobito Highway
Agriculture and food security
Huambo is the richest agricultural province in Angola. In 1999 the Province produced almost 22% of total national cereal production: 115,000 t out of a total of 530,000 t. As a result of improved security, areas used for cultivation in the Province have increased during the past years to about 500 km2. This represents the largest increase in the country since the end of the war.
The principal cereal crop is maize with 1950 km2 under cultivation. Yields are low, only 40 t/km2, compared with yields of between 50 and 120 t/km2 in other provinces. The second cereal crop is millet/sorghum with approximately 160 km2 under production. Grain production has increased significantly in recent years. Total output rose to a peak of 159,000 t in the 1997/1998 season compared to only 17,000 t in 1993/1994. Climate and pest conditions forced production back to 115,000 t in 1998/1999 and to an estimated 88,000 t in 1999/2000. Other crops produced in the province include beans (450 km2) and manioc (415 km2), sweet potatoes (95 km2) and Irish potatoes (32 km2). Coffee (Arabica type) used to be a significant produce of Huambo thanks to the favourable altitude and weather conditions of the Province, and is currently being reintroduced as the main crop in many farms of the region.
Health and nutrition
Approximately 25 basic health facilities are operational within the Province, run by the Government or humanitarian agencies, covering 547,500 people in Huambo city and the municipality of Caála. According to the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health, this represents an average of one facility per 20,778 people, close to the Angolan average of one health unit per 20,000 people. In Huambo, one health unit serves 18,000 people while in Caála, one unit covers 33,000 people. The provincial hospital is based in Huambo city.
Vaccination coverage in Huambo city is higher than in other municipalities. In Huambo city, 16 vaccination posts cover 89,800 children under five years of age (one post per 5,600 children). In Caála, two posts cover 19,700 children (2002).
Education
Approximately 40 primary and three secondary schools operate in Huambo city (2001). Five schools target displaced children. In Caála, seven schools target displaced children.
Water and sanitation
In Huambo, the main water treatment plant has not functioned properly since 1975 and the 400 km of water pipes are in poor condition. The population is currently dependent on wells for water access. During recent years, considerable work in the sector was undertaken by the Government and humanitarian agencies, including construction of 550 family latrines and 25 wells in villages and communities.
Mines
The number of mines and unexploded ordnance (
List of governors
Name | Years in office |
---|---|
Pedro Maria Tonha Pedalé | 1976–1979 |
Lt.Col. Santana André Pitra | 1979–1982 |
Lt.Col. João Ernesto dos Santos Liberdade | 1982–1986 |
Lt.Col. Marques Manukapui Bassovava | 1986–1987 |
Marcolino José Carlos Moco | 1987–1989 |
Osvaldo de Jesus Serra Van-Dúnem | 1989–1992 |
Graciano Mande | 1992 |
Baltazar Manuel | 1992–1997 |
António Paulo Kassoma | 1997–2008 |
Albino Malungo | 2008–2009 |
Fernando Faustino Muteka | 2009–2014 |
Kundi Paihama | 2014–2016 |
João Baptista Kussumua | 2016–2018 |
Joana Lina | 2018–2020 |
Lotti Nolika | 2020– |
Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner
Notable natives
- Georges Rebelo Chicoti, current Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Paulo Kassoma, former Huambo Governor
- José Eduardo Agualusa, writer
- Sousa Jamba, writer
References
Citations
- ^ a b "Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação - 2014" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2020-02-27.
- ^ C.Michael Hogan. 2012. Kunene River. eds. P.Saundry & C.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC.
- ^ "Territory minister calls for support for new Huambo governor". 22 December 2009.
- ^ "Pesquisa Online de Publicações Oficiais" (in Portuguese). imprensanacional.gov.ao. Retrieved 5 Mar 2019.
Bibliography
External links
- Official website of the Government of Huambo Province
- Information on this province at the Angolan ministry for territorial administration
- Information on this province at Info Angola
- Huambo Digital, a web page of the Association Anaphua (Friends of Huambo), in Portuguese
- The weather in Huambo
- Angola.uk.org
- Web page of Development Workshop, an international development organization based in Huambo and Luanda
- Province geographical info at geoview.info