Human trafficking in Brunei

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forced labor and forced prostitution. Men and women from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, China, and Thailand migrate to Brunei for domestic or other low-skilled labor but sometimes face conditions of involuntary servitude upon arrival. There are over 88,000 migrant workers in Brunei, some of whom face debt bondage, non-payment of wages, passport confiscation, confinement to the home, and contract switching – factors that may contribute to trafficking. There were credible reports of nationals from South Asian countries subjected to nonpayment of wages and debt bondage in Brunei for up to two years to pay back foreign recruitment agents. Some of the 25,000 female domestic workers in Brunei were required to work exceptionally long hours without being granted a day for rest, creating an environment consistent with involuntary servitude. There are reports of women forced into prostitution in Brunei, and reports that women arrested for prostitution attest to having been victims of trafficking. Brunei is a transit country for trafficking victims in Malaysia, including Filipinas, who are brought to Brunei for work permit re-authorization before being returned to Malaysia.[1]

The Government of Brunei does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so. While the government has laws to prosecute trafficking, it has never prosecuted a trafficking case. The government did not proactively identify any trafficking victims during 2010, nor did it develop or implement formal procedures to identify victims of trafficking.[1]

The U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2" in 2017.[2]

Sex trafficking

Main article: Sex trafficking in Brunei

Citizen and foreign women and girls are sex trafficked in Brunei.[3][4][5][6] According to the 2020 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons, thousands of minors are trafficked in Brunei each year and subjected to domestic slavery or sexual exploitation.[7]

Prosecution

The government made no discernible anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts during 2010. The Government of Brunei prohibits

embassies, and do not proactively identify trafficking cases among vulnerable groups. During the reporting period, there were 127 complaints by foreign workers against employers who failed to pay salaries involving 34 companies and 26 employers. Eleven companies and 13 employers settled through reconciliation and arbitration, while the remaining cases remain under investigation.[1]

Protection

Brunei did not demonstrate significant efforts to identify and protect trafficking victims during the reporting period. Brunei does not have a proactive system to formally identify victims of trafficking among vulnerable groups, such as foreign workers and foreign women and children in prostitution. The government did not report identifying any trafficking victims in the past year. The government did not provide centrally coordinated training for its officials on identifying trafficking victims. While the Brunei police reported running a workshop on identifying victims for members of its anti-vice unit, the victim identification measures employed by the unit do not appear to be effective. The government does not provide shelter or rehabilitative services to trafficking victims. One foreign mission reported 20 suspected trafficking cases of women forced into prostitution in Malaysia and traveling to Brunei to obtain

NGO's or international organizations in Brunei that provide support to trafficking victims, though the embassies of several source countries provide shelter, mediation, and immigration assistance to their nationals. The government does not provide legal alternatives to the removal of victims to countries where they may face hardship or retribution.[1]

Prevention

The Brunei government demonstrated limited prevention efforts during the reporting period. The government did not conduct any public awareness campaigns on trafficking. Officials participated in several regional training programs on trafficking. The government provides arrival briefings for foreign workers and runs a telephone hotline for worker complaints. There were no measures taken to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts. Brunei is not a party to the 2000 UN TIP Protocol.[1]

International response

Since 2022, Brunei has been demoted to the bottom rung of the

United States government's human trafficking assessment, citing insufficient measures to aid migrant workers and prevent trafficking.[8]

The State Department stated in its annual trafficking report that Brunei does not completely achieve the minimal requirements for the eradication of trafficking and is "not making significant efforts to do so.[9]

It also emphasised the country's lack of trafficking convictions, saying Brunei continues to "detain, deport, and charge potential victims for crimes without employing a victim-centered approach.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Trafficking in Persons Report 2010 Country Narratives -- Countries A Through F". US Department of State. 2010-06-17. Archived from the original on 2010-06-17. Retrieved 2023-02-11. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ "Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-06-28. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
  3. ^ "2019 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei". U.S. Department of State. 2019.
  4. ^ "Brunei intensifying efforts to better detect human trafficking cases". Asia News. August 27, 2018.
  5. ^ "Society has key role in fighting human trafficking". Borneo Bulletin. August 25, 2018. Archived from the original on August 25, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "Three Thais jailed, face caning for forcing a 17-year-old girl into prostitution in Brunei". The Nation Thailand. April 7, 2016.
  7. ^ https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/glotip/2022/GLOTiP_2022_chapter_2_Regional_Overview_230123.pdf Regional overviews
  8. ^ Bandial, Ain (2022-07-23). "US adds Brunei to human trafficking blacklist; govt says report contains 'significant misrepresentations'". The Scoop. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
  9. ^ "US Adds Vietnam, Cambodia, Brunei to Human Trafficking Blacklist". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
  10. ^ "Brunei committee disappointed at TIP downgrade » Borneo Bulletin Online". Brunei committee disappointed at TIP downgrade. 2022-07-23. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
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