Hurricane Rosa (1994)

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Hurricane Rosa
Rosa near peak intensity off the southwest coast of Mexico on October 13
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 8, 1994
DissipatedOctober 15, 1994
Category 2 hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds105 mph (165 km/h)
Lowest pressure974 mbar (hPa); 28.76 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities4–30 direct
Damage$700 million (1994 USD)
Areas affectedSouthwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Southwestern United States, Texas
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata
Part of the 1994 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Rosa was the only

landfall, Rosa was the final hurricane, nineteenth tropical storm, and second-last tropical cyclone of the 1994 Pacific hurricane season
.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On October 8, a circulation associated with an area of disturbed weather acquired convection and was designated Tropical Depression Nineteen-E.[1] Upon formation, the depression was forecast to dissipate because of strong wind shear.[2] Moving little, its development was constantly hindered by wind shear.[3] The depression had difficulty organizing, and on October 9, it became so disorganized that advisories were discontinued.[4]

The depression's remnants moved eastward and interacted with an area of disturbed weather. This regenerated the convection,

landfall near La Concepción about 70 mi (110 km) south-southeast of Mazatlán. Rosa's circulation weakened over the mountains, and it dissipated on October 15.[5]

Preparations, impact, and aftermath

On October 12, a

Baja California Peninsula south of latitude 24°N. At the same time, a tropical storm warning was issued from Manzanillo to Tepic. On October 14, a hurricane warning was issued for the coast between Culiacán and Cabo Corrientes, and a tropical storm warning south of Cabo Corrientes to Manzanillo. All watches and warnings were lifted later that day.[10]

Rosa's rainfall map, Mexico only

On October 13 and 14, two ships, the London Spirit and the Marie Maersk, encountered winds of tropical storm or hurricane force.[11] The Marie Maersk was located especially close to the eye, and its observations were useful to forecasters.[2]

In

power lines, and houses in Sinaloa. Rainfall between 3 and 5 inches (76 and 127 mm) caused many landslides in mountainous areas.[2] Mudslides forced the evacuation of 400 people from two coastal villages in Jalisco.[12] Rosa dumped rain over parts of coastal and inland Mexico; the highest rainfall total was 14.09 in (358 mm) at Mesa de Pedro Pablo.[13]

Rosa sent moisture into the United States, which, in combination with humidity drawn north from the

USD) in damage.[14] On October 18, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) declared the worst-affected areas a disaster area.[16] After the declaration, FEMA received 26,000 applications for disaster assistance and approved 54 million (1995 USD) in aid.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ Mayfield (1994-10-08). "Tropical Depression Nineteen-E Special Discussion 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-03.
  2. ^ a b c Lixion Avila (1994-11-22). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Rosa" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 2. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  3. ^ Mayfield (1994-10-08). "Tropical Depression Nineteen-E Discussion Number 2". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-03.
  4. ^ Mayfield (1994-10-08). "Tropical Depression Nineteen-E Discussion Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-03.
  5. ^ a b c Lixion Avila (1994-11-22). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Rosa" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 1. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  6. ^ Rappaport (1994-10-10). "Tropical Depression Nineteen-E Discussion Number 7". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  7. ^ Lixion Avila (1994-11-22). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Rosa" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 1. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  8. ^ Rappaport (1994-10-11). "Tropical Storm Rosa Discussion Number 11". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  9. ^ Rappaport (1994-10-12). "Hurricane Rosa Discussion Number 14". National Hurricane Center.
  10. ^ Lixion Avila (1994-11-22). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Rosa" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 5. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  11. ^ Lixion Avila (1994-11-22). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Rosa" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 4. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
  12. Chicago Daily Herald. 1994-10-15. p. 3. Archived from the original
    on December 25, 2015. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  13. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center
    . Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  14. ^ a b c "Floods in Southeast Texas, October 1994" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. January 1995. p. 1. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  15. ^ "Floods in Southeast Texas, October 1994" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. January 1995. p. 2. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  16. ^ "Texas Severe Storm, Thunderstorms, Flooding". Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2005-05-23. Archived from the original on 2012-03-15. Retrieved 2008-10-04.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hurricane Rosa (1994).

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