Hyloscirtus tapichalaca

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Hyloscirtus tapichalaca
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Hyloscirtus
Species:
H. tapichalaca
Binomial name
Hyloscirtus tapichalaca
(Kizirian, Coloma [fr], and Paredes-Recalde, 2003)
Synonyms[3]
  • Hyla tapichalaca Kizirian, Coloma, and Paredes-Recalde, 2003[2]
  • Boana tapichalaca (Kizirian, Coloma, and Paredes-Recalde, 2003)
  • Colomascirtus tapichalaca (Kizirian, Coloma, and Paredes-Recalde, 2003)

Hyloscirtus tapichalaca is a species of

sister taxon of all other species in the group.[5]

Description

Adult males measure 59–64 mm (2.3–2.5 in) and adult females 62–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in) in snout–vent length. The body and the limbs are robust. The snout is nearly truncate in lateral view. The

dorsum is gray to pale brown, and the flanks are gray to gray brown. The digital discs, lateral and lower margins of vent, knees, elbows, and outer margin of forearms are white. The iris is yellow-gold. Males have a single subgular vocal sac.[2]

Reproduction

The male advertisement call consists of a single, unpulsed note of variable duration (0.14–0.19 seconds). The calls are emitted at irregular time intervals (0.7–1.2 seconds apart), most of them clustered in bouts.[5] Scars in the males suggest male-male combats. A 62-mm female contained 428 ovarian eggs some 3 mm (0.1 in) in diameter.[2] The tadpoles probably develop in streams.[1]

Behavior

Hyloscirtus tapichalaca exude a sticky, white fluid when captured. One specimen assumed a posture where the white markings in the posterior surfaces of the elbows, heels, and vent were exposed. This is likely an anti-predator behavior.[2]

Habitat and conservation

The type locality is a small cascading stream in montane

above sea level.[5] Males have been observed calling from branches by stream margins.[2][5]

Threats to this species are unknown. The type locality is a protected area. Habitat degradation likely occurs outside the reserve.[1]

Tapichalaca Biological Reserve in Ecuador
Tapichalaca Biological Reserve in Ecuador
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Hyloscirtus tapichalaca is only known from the Tapichalaca Biological Reserve in Ecuador

References

  1. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2022). "Hyloscirtus tapichalaca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T55672A98648661. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  2. ^
    S2CID 86398962
    .
  3. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Hyloscirtus tapichalaca (Kizirian, Coloma, and Paredes-Recalde, 2003)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
  4. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
    (QCAZ). Retrieved 11 March 2018.
  5. ^
    doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3364.1.1
    .
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