Indian scimitar babbler
Indian scimitar babbler | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Timaliidae |
Genus: | Pomatorhinus |
Species: | P. horsfieldii
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Binomial name | |
Pomatorhinus horsfieldii Sykes, 1832
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Subspecies | |
P. h. obscurus Hume, 1872 | |
The Indian scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus horsfieldii) is an Old World babbler. It is found in peninsular India in a range of forest habitats. They are most often detected by their distinctive calls which include an antiphonal duet by a pair of birds. They are often hard to see as they forage through dense vegetation. The long curved yellow, scimitar-shaped bills give them their name. It has been treated in the past as subspecies of the white-browed scimitar babbler which is found along the Himalayas but now separated into two species, the peninsular Indian species and the Sri Lanka scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus melanurus).
Description
The most distinctive feature of this 22 cm long bird is the long down-curved yellow bill which is blackish at the base of the upper mandible. It has a striking head pattern, with a long white supercilium above a broad black band through the eye. The white throat and breast contrast with the dark greyish brown on the upperside and dark grey to black on most of the underside. The tail is broad, long and graduated. They have short, round wings and being weak fliers are rarely seen flying in the open.[2]
Indian scimitar-babblers have long down-curved yellow bills, used to work through the
Distribution
It is the only scimitar babbler in Peninsular India. This species is found south of a line between Rajasthan and Orissa.[2]
Taxonomy and systematics
The Old World babblers are a large family of passerine birds characterised by soft fluffy plumage. They are birds of tropical areas, with the greatest variety in southeast Asia. This species is very close to the Sri Lanka scimitar babbler which has in the past been treated as a subspecies. In the past, this species has been considered as a subspecies of the white-browed scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus schisticeps) which is found along the Himalayan foothills.[2] Molecular studies confirm this relatedness.[5]
There are several races that have been noted, race travancoreensis is found in the
The Sri Lankan form that was considered as a subspecies, melanurus, has been elevated to a full species by some works that note the geographic isolation and distinctive calls.[2][8] The Sri Lankan form, however, responds to playback of the call of the Indian form.[9][10]
Behaviour and ecology
The Indian scimitar babbler is a resident breeder (non-
They breed from December to May. The nest is a large and loose globular mass of foliage concealed in a bush on the ground or low down. They usually lay three eggs (but varies from two to four) which are pure white in colour.[11]
References
- . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Rasmussen, PC & JC Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions. Vol 2. p. 428.
- ^ Baker, HR (1922). "Occurrence on the Nilgiris of a partial albino of the southern Indian Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldi travancoriensis (Harington). FBI No. 120". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28 (4): 1135.
- ^ Ali, S & S D Ripley (1996). Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. Vol. 6 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 132–138.
- .
- . J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31 (4): 1032.
- ^ Whistler,H (1936). "A new race of Horsfield's Scimitar-Babbler". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38 (4): 699.
- ^ Whistler,H (1942). "On the races of Pomatorhinus horsfieldii Sykes in Ceylon". Bull. Brit. Orn. Club. 62 (441): 51–52.
- ^ Collar, NJ (2006). "A partial revision of the Asian babblers (Timaliidae)" (PDF). Forktail. 22: 85–112. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-10.
- ^ Kaluthota, CD (2009). "Sri Lanka Scimitar Babbler - A Recent addition to the Endemic birds of Sri Lanka" (PDF). Siyoth. 2 (1): 35–37. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
- ^ a b Whistler, Hugh (1928). Popular Handbook of Indian Birds. pp. 47–48.
- ^ Kinloch, AP (1922). "Habits of the Southern Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldi travancorensis". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28 (2): 545.