Internetworking
Internetworking is the practice of interconnecting multiple computer networks,[1]: 169 such that any pair of hosts in the connected networks can exchange messages irrespective of their hardware-level networking technology. The resulting system of interconnected networks are called an internetwork, or simply an internet.
The most notable example of internetworking is the Internet, a network of networks based on many underlying hardware technologies. The Internet is defined by a unified global addressing system, packet format, and routing methods provided by the Internet Protocol.[2]: 103
The term internetworking is a combination of the components inter (between) and networking. An earlier term for an internetwork is catenet,[3] a short-form of (con)catenating networks.
Interconnection of networks
Internetworking, a combination of the components inter (between) and networking, started as a way to connect disparate types of networking technology, but it became widespread through the developing need to connect two or more local area networks via some sort of wide area network.
The first international heterogenous
Today the interconnecting gateways are called routers. The definition of an internetwork today includes the connection of other types of computer networks such as personal area networks.
To build an internetwork, the following are needed:[2]: 103 A standardized scheme to address packets to any host on any participating network; a standardized protocol defining format and handling of transmitted packets; components interconnecting the participating networks by routing packets to their destinations based on standardized addresses.
Another type of interconnection of networks often occurs within enterprises at the
The Internet Protocol is designed to provide an
Catenet
Catenet, a short-form of (con)catenating networks, is obsolete terminolgy for a system of packet-switched communication networks interconnected via gateways.[3]
The term was coined by
Networking models
Two architectural models are commonly used to describe the protocols and methods used in internetworking. The
The
For a period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the network engineering community was polarized over the implementation of competing protocol suites, commonly known as the Protocol Wars. It was unclear which of the OSI model and the Internet protocol suite would result in the best and most robust computer networks.[15][16][17]
See also
References
- ISBN 978-0-12-385059-1.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-13-214301-1.
- ^ IETF.
The term "catenet" was introduced by L. Pouzin in 1974.
- ISBN 978-1849805049. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
- S2CID 1558618. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2020-02-07.
From the outset of the project, we aimed not only to carry out innovative research, but also to provide network services to UK and U.S. groups that wished to cooperate.
- ^ "30 years of the international internet". BBC News. 19 November 2003. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ^ "The Computer History Museum, SRI International, and BBN Celebrate the 40th Anniversary of First ARPANET Transmission, Precursor to Today's Internet". SRI International. 27 October 2009. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
But the ARPANET itself had now become an island, with no links to the other networks that had sprung up. By the early 1970s, researchers in France, the UK, and the U.S. began developing ways of connecting networks to each other, a process known as internetworking.
- ISSN 1558-0857.
The authors wish to thank a number of colleagues for helpful comments during early discussions of international network protocols, especially R. Metcalfe, R. Scantlebury, D. Walden, and H. Zimmerman; D. Davies and L. Pouzin who constructively commented on the fragmentation and accounting issues; and S. Crocker who commented on the creation and destruction of associations.
- ^ "The internet's fifth man". Economist. 13 December 2013. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
In the early 1970s Mr Pouzin created an innovative data network that linked locations in France, Italy and Britain. Its simplicity and efficiency pointed the way to a network that could connect not just dozens of machines, but millions of them. It captured the imagination of Dr Cerf and Dr Kahn, who included aspects of its design in the protocols that now power the internet.
- ISBN 978-0-262-51115-5.
- ^ Teare, Diane (July 1999). Designing Cisco Networks. Indianapolis: Cisco Press. Archived from the original on 2007-02-07.
- JSTOR 24468474.
- S2CID 206443072.
- ^ A Proposal for Interconnecting Packet Switching Networks, L. Pouzin, Proceedings of EUROCOMP, Brunel University, May 1974, pp. 1023-36.
- ^ Andrew L. Russell (30 July 2013). "OSI: The Internet That Wasn't". IEEE Spectrum. Vol. 50, no. 8.
- ^ Russell, Andrew L. "Rough Consensus and Running Code' and the Internet-OSI Standards War" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing.
- ISBN 978-3-527-32710-2.