Ivan Kulibin
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Ivan Petrovich Kulibin (April 21, 1735 – August 11, 1818) was a Russian
Saint Petersburg years
During 1764–1767 he built an
During the 1770s, he designed a wooden one-arch bridge over the Neva river with a span of 298 metres (instead of the typically used 50–60 metre spans), offering to use an original girder with a cross grate. In 1776 a model 1/10 the natural size of this bridge was tested by a special commission of academics. Kulibin's project was praised by Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli, but was never realized. After 1780, Kulibin worked on possibilities for a metallic bridge, but these projects were also rejected by the government. Altogether Kulibin designed three projects for wooden and three projects for metallic bridges.
In 1779, he built a lantern that could emit a powerful light using a weak light source. This invention was used industrially for lighting workshops, lighthouses, ships, etc. In 1791, Kulibin constructed a push-cycle cart, in which he used a
Later years
In 1801 Kulibin was fired from the academy and returned to Nizhny Novgorod, where he designed a method of sailing upstream and built a ship which he had started to design back in 1782. Tests indicated that such ships were indeed feasible, but they were never used. During the same time, Kulibin had projects on using steam engines to move cargo ships, on creating salt mining machines, different kinds of mills, pianos and other projects. Kulibin died in 1818 after spending his last years in poverty.
The
On May 20, 2020, a special economic zone of industrial and production type "Kulibin" was established in Russia (Nizhny Novgorod region), named after Kulibin.
Further reading
- Letters of a Russian Traveller by Nikolaĭ Mikhaĭlovich Karamzin, Andrew Kahn. Page 87. ISBN 0-7294-0811-6
- A History of the U.S.S.R. by Anna Mikhaĭlovna Pankratova, K. V. Bazilevich, Institut istorii (Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR) – Soviet Union – 1947 – Page 87
- Werrett, Simon. ‘Enlightenment in Russian Hands: The Inventions and Identity of Ivan Kulibin in Eighteenth-Century St. Petersburg.’ History of Technology 29 (Nov. 2009): 161–80.
Notes
- ^ "ONLINE".
- ^ Трехколесное чудо механика Кулибина (in Russian)
- ^ Самокатка Кулибина (in Russian)
- ^ Введение книги "Тракторы и автомобили" Archived 2008-06-08 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Основные события. Изобретение и история автомобиля (in Russian)
- ISBN 3-540-00238-3