James Douglas (military officer)
Lieutenant-General James Douglas | |
|---|---|
 Drumlanrig Castle, the Queensberry estate; constructed between 1679 and 1689 | |
| Commander-in-Chief, Scotland | |
| In office March 1688 – November 1688 | |
| Master-General of the Ordnance, Scotland | |
| In office October 1685 – March 1688 | |
| Member of Parliament for Peeblesshire | |
| In office April 1685 – June 1686 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1645 Lieutenant-General |
| Battles/wars | |
From 1672 to 1684, he served in the French army and the Dutch
Personal details
James Douglas was the second son of James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry (c. 1610 – 1671) and his wife Lady Margaret Stewart. The Earl signed the 1638 National Covenant, but took little part in the 1639–1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms; arrested in 1645 for attempting to join Montrose's Royalist campaign, he was released after paying a fine.[1] The Douglas family largely retained its position and estates through the various changes of regime in the 17th century.[2]
He married Anna Hamilton and they had two sons, James and William.[3] James received a commission in his father's regiment in 1688 but resigned in October 1691 and died in 1700; William died in 1712.[4]
Career
As a result of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, many in both Scotland and England viewed standing armies as a threat to individual liberty and society itself.[5] Those who wanted a military career joined units in foreign service, such as the Dutch Scots Brigade; loyalties were often based on religion or personal relationships, with officers moving between armies. Douglas' younger brother John (1647–1675) was killed at Trier with the French army, while Robert (1650-1676) died serving with the Dutch at Maastricht.[1]
In the 1670
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However, the alliance with Catholic France was deeply unpopular and England withdrew from the war with the 1674
Douglas was in Scotland during the 1679
When
In 1685, many in both England and Scotland supported James despite his personal
He commanded a brigade at the
References
- ^ a b Le Neve 2015, p. 456.
- ^ Debrett 1814, p. 637.
- ^ Balfour 1910, p. 136.
- ^ Dalton 1909, p. 87.
- ^ Childs 1987, p. 184.
- ^ Lynn 1996, pp. 109–110.
- ^ Kenyon 1993, pp. 67–68.
- ^ Childs 1984, p. 388.
- ^ Davenport 1917, p. 238.
- ^ Linklater 2004.
- ^ Childs 1974, p. 9.
- ^ Dalton 1909, pp. 78–78.
- ^ "Ratification in favour of Colonel James Douglas and Robert Barton". Parliamentary Register. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
- ^ Ford 2004.
- ^ Dalton 1909, p. 51.
- ^ Parliamentary Papers, Volume 62, Part 2. p. 588.
- ^ Dumfries and Galloway Council.
- ^ Dalton 1909, p. 74.
- ^ Childs 2008, pp. 232–234.
- ^ Wormsley 2015, p. 189.
- ^ Harris 2007, pp. 3–5.
- ^ Macpherson 1775, pp. 357–358.
- ^ Childs 1994, p. 293.
- ^ Dalton 1909, p. 86.
- ^ British Empire.
Sources
- Balfour, James (1910). The Scots Peerage.
- British Empire. "Colonels in the 3rd Regiment of Footguards". British Empire. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
- Childs, John (1974). "Monmouth and the Army of Flanders". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. 52 (209). JSTOR 44223058.
- Childs, John (1994). Chandler, Beckett (ed.). The Restoration Army 1660–1702 in The Oxford History of the British Army (1996 ed.). OUP. ISBN 978-0192803115.
- Childs, John (1987). The British Army of William III, 1689–1702. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0719025525.
- Childs, John (1984). "The British Brigade in France 1672–1678". History. 69 (227): 384–397. JSTOR 24419689.
- Childs, John (2008). The Williamite Wars in Ireland. Bloomsbury 3PL. ISBN 978-1847251640.
- Dalton, Charles (1909). The Scots Army 1661–1688. Eyre & Spottiswoode.
- Davenport, Frances Gardiner (1917). European Treaties bearing on the History of the United States and its Dependencies.
- Debrett, John (1814). Peerage of the United Kingdom; Volume II, Scotland and Ireland. F. C. and J. Rivington and others.
- Dumfries and Galloway Council. "The Killing Times" (PDF). Southern Upland Way. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
- Ford, JD (2004). "Douglas, William, first duke of Queensberry (1637–1695)". doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7936. (Subscription or UK public library membershiprequired.)
- Harris, Tim (2007). Revolution; the Great Crisis of the British Monarchy 1685–1720. Penguin. ISBN 978-0141016528.
- Kenyon, J. P. (1993) [1986]. The History Men: The Historical Profession in England since the Renaissance. Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
- Lynn, John (1996). The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714 (Modern Wars in Perspective). Longman. ISBN 978-0582056299.
- Le Neve, John (2015) [1712]. Memoirs British and Foreign, of the Lives and Families of the Most Illustrious Persons. Arkose Press. ISBN 978-1345713763.;
- Linklater, Magnus (2004). "Graham, John, first viscount of Dundee [known as Bonnie Dundee]". doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/11208. (Subscription or UK public library membershiprequired.)
- Macpherson, James (1775). Original Papers: Containing the Secret History of Great Britain (2017 ed.). Hansebooks. ISBN 978-3-7434-3572-8.
- Wormsley, David (2015). James II: The Last Catholic King. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0141977065.