Scots Guards
Scots Guards | |
---|---|
Nemo Me Impune Lacessit" (Latin) "No one assails me with impunity" | |
March | Quick – "Hielan' Laddie" Slow – "The Garb of Old Gaul" |
Anniversaries | Saint Andrew's Day 30 November Battle of Mount Tumbledown 13 June |
Commanders | |
Colonel-in-Chief | The King |
Colonel of the Regiment | The Duke of Edinburgh |
Insignia | |
Tactical Recognition Flash | |
Tartan | Royal Stewart |
Plume | none |
Abbreviation | SG |
The Scots Guards (SG) is one of the five
History
Formation; 17th century
The regiment now known as the Scots Guards traces its origins to the Marquis of Argyll's Royal Regiment, a unit raised in 1642 by
It served in the
18th century
The Guards remained in Scotland during the
Both battalions were in London during the 1745 Rising; an engraving by William Hogarth shows them marching to take up defensive positions in North London. However, the Jacobite army turned back at Derby, and in July 1747, the Second Battalion was sent to Flanders, where it fought at Lauffeld, before the war ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.[9]
In the absence of a modern police force, the military was often used for crowd control; in Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, William Hickey describes a detachment from the "Third Regiment of Guards, principally Scotchmen" dispersing a crowd attempting to release the radical politician, John Wilkes from prison in 1768.[10]
1805–1913
In April 1809, the 1st Battalion was sent to the
The 2nd Battalion's flank companies took part in the disastrous Walcheren Campaign in the Low Countries. The 1st Battalion went on to take part in the Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro in May 1811, the Battle of Salamanca in July 1812, the Siege of San Sebastián in Summer 1813 and the Battle of the Nive in December 1813.[3]
At the
1914–1945
First World War
The 1st Battalion, part of the
Second World War
In April 1940, the 1st Battalion, as part of the
In North Africa, as part of the 22nd Guards Brigade, the 2nd Battalion took part in fighting against the Italians in Egypt followed by tough fighting in Libya, then also controlled by Italy. In North Africa, in March 1943, the 2nd Battalion took part in the defensive Battle of Medenine, after the Germans had counter-attacked the Allies.[14]
In September 1943, the 2nd Battalion, as part of the 201st Guards Brigade of the
The 1st Battalion, as part of its brigade, joined the
Since 1948
In the years following the Second World War the Scots Guards saw action in a number of Britain's colonial wars. In 1948, the 2nd Battalion of the Scots Guards were deployed to Malaya (now Malaysia) to crush a Communist-inspired and pro-independence uprising during a conflict known as the Malayan Emergency. In its time in Malaya, the 2nd Battalion performed a variety of duties, including, in their involvement in the Emergency, guarding duties, patrolling into the dense jungle, and assaults upon MNLA guerrillas. During this period, the battalion was involved in an incident known as the Batang Kali massacre, where they were responsible for the execution of 24 unarmed civilians.[17][18] By the time the battalion departed Malaya in 1951 for home, it had lost thirteen officers and other ranks.[19]
By late 1951, the 1st Battalion was deployed to
Both the 1st and 2nd Battalion deployed to Northern Ireland during the Troubles in the early 1970s.[21] In 1992, during their time in Northern Ireland, the Scots Guards were involved in the contentious shooting of civilian Peter McBride: two soldiers were convicted of murder.[22][23]
During the
In 2004, the 1st Battalion deployed to
In 2021, the 1st Battalion moved to Somme Barracks, Catterick Garrison as part of the Army 2020 Refine reforms.[24][25]
On 1 May 2022 (delayed from the originally intended 1 April 2022), soldiers in A (The London Scottish) Company, the
Traditions and affiliations
The Scots Guards and other Guards regiments have a long-standing connection to the
The Scots Guards is ranked as the third regiment in the Guards Division. As such, Scots Guardsmen can be recognized by having the buttons on their tunics spaced in threes. They also do not wear hackles (plumes) in their bearskins, unlike the other Foot Guards.[15]
Structure and role
Since 1993,
The regiment consists of a single operational battalion, which was based in Catterick between 2008 and 2015, thereafter moving to Aldershot in the armoured infantry role. 1st Battalion will be equipped with Mastiff Vehicles (and later the Mechanised Infantry Vehicle (MIV)) under Army 2020 Refine and be under the first Strike Brigade. The 1st Battalion will not rotate public ceremonial duties unlike the other guards regiments with F Company performing that role.[31][32][33][34]
Following the
Training
Regular Recruits to the Guards Division go through a thirty-week training programme at the Infantry Training Centre (ITC). The training is two weeks more than the training for the Regular line infantry regiments of the British Army; the extra training, carried out throughout the course, is devoted to drill and ceremonies.[36]
Colonels-in-Chief
King Edward VII assumed the colonelcy-in-chief of the regiment on his accession,[37] and subsequent monarchs have also been colonel-in-chief.[38]
Regimental Colonels
Regimental Colonels have included:
- 1664: Major-General George Livingston, Earl of Linlithgow[39]
- 1684: Lieutenant-General
- 1691: Lieutenant-General George Ramsay, died in Edinburgh, September 1705;[41]
- April 1707: Lieutenant-General William Kerr, Marquess of Lothian, deprived of the Colonelcy for political reasons;[42]
- 1713: General The Earl of Dunmore[41]
- 1752: General The Earl of Rothes[43]
- 1767: Field Marshal The Duke of Gloucester[44]
- 1770: General The Earl of Loudoun[45]
- 1782: Field Marshal The Duke of Argyll[46]
- 1806: Field Marshal The Duke of Gloucester[47]
- 12 December 1834: General The Duke of Gordon[48]
- 30 May 1836: General The Earl Ludlow[49]
- 25 April 1842: Field Marshal Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[50]
- 23 September 1852: General The Duke of Cambridge[51]
- 15 December 1861: Field Marshal Sir Alexander Woodford[52]
- 27 August 1870: General Sir John Aitchison[53]
- 13 May 1875: General The Lord Rokeby[54]
- 26 May 1883: General Sir William Knollys[55]
- 24 June 1883: Field Marshal The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn[56]
- 1 May 1904: Field Marshal The Lord Methuen[57]
- 31 October 1932: Field Marshal The Duke of York, becoming King George VI in December 1936[58]
- 12 March 1937: Field Marshal The Duke of Gloucester[59]
- 9 September 1974: Field Marshal The Duke of Kent[60]
- 14 April 2024: The Duke of Edinburgh[61][62]
Regimental Lieutenant Colonels
The Regimental Lieutenant Colonels have included:[63]
- 1662–1664: The Earl of Linlithgow[39]
- 1664–1666: vacant[39]
- 1666–1667: Sir James Turner[64]
- 1667–1677: The Earl of Kellie[65]
- 1677–1682: The Lord Ross[66]
- 1682–1687: John Winram[67]
- 1687–1688: James Murray[68]
- 1688–1689: The Viscount of Frendraught[69]
- 1689–1694: James Maitland[70]
- 1694–1695: George McGill[71]
- 1695–1697: Robert Murray[72]
- 1697–1704: George Macartney[73]
- 1704–1710: Brig. Gen. The Earl of Dalhousie[74]
- 1710–1717: Brig. Gen. John Stewart[75]
- 1717–1723: Brig. Gen. Lord William Hay[76]
- 1723–1743: Maj. Gen. James Scott[77]
- 1743–1743: Col. Henry Skelton[78]
- 1743–1744: Col. George Byng[79]
- 1744– : Col. Rowland Reynolds[80]
- 1747– : Col. James Stuart[81]
- 1752–1756: Col. William Kingsley
- 1756–1758: Col. John Laurie[82]
- 1758–1761: Maj. Gen. Andrew Robinson[83]
- 1761–1768: Maj. Gen. John Gore
- 1768–1769: Col. Bernard Hale
- 1769–1770: Col. William Whitshed
- 1770–1775: Col. Michael Hudson[84]
- 1775–1777: Col. Daniel Jones[85]
- 1777–1782: Maj. Gen. William Wynyard[86]
- 1782–1786: Maj. Gen. Sir George Osborn[87]
- 1786–1791: Maj. Gen. Humphrey Stevens[88]
- 1791–1793: Maj. Gen. Gustavus Guydickens[89]
- 1793–1795: Maj. Gen. William Grinfield[90][91]
- 1795–1802: Lt. Gen. Cavendish Lister[92]
- 1802–1806: Lt. Gen. Napier Christie Burton[93]
- 1806–1814: Lt. Gen. George Milner[94]
- 1814–1821: Col. George Hill[95]
- 1821–1825: Col. Henry Willoughby Rooke[96]
- 1825–1830: Col. John Clitherow[97]
- 1830–1836: Col. William Augustus Keate
- 1836–1837: Col. Edward Bowater
- 1837–1837: Col. Douglas Mercer
- 1837–1841: Col. John Aitchison
- 1841–1844: Col. William Henry Scott
- 1844–1850: Col. Berkeley Drummond
- 1850–1853: Col. William Thomas Knollys
- 1853–1854: Col. Henry Robert Colville
- 1854–1854: Col. The Lord Rokeby
- 1854–1858: Col. George Moncrieff
- 1858–1859: Col. Edward Walter Forestier-Walker
- 1859–1863: Col. William John Ridley
- 1863–1863: Col. Francis Seymour
- 1863–1864: Col. John Hamilton Elphinstone Dalrymple
- 1864–1868: Col. Sir Henry Percival de Bathe
- 1868–1874: Col. Frederick Arthur Charles Stephenson
- 1874–1874: Col. Henry Poole Hepburn
- 1874–1877: Col. The Lord Abinger
- 1877–1881: Col. Reginald Gipps
- 1881–1886: Col. George Hay Moncrieff[98][99]
- 1886–1891: Col. Henry H. D. Stracey[100][101]
- 1891–1895: Col. William Julius Gascoigne[102]
- 1895–1898: Col. Barrington B. D. Campbell[103][104]
- 1898–1903: Col. Henry Fludyer[105]
- 1903–1905: Col.
- 1905–1909: Col. Frederick W. Romilly[108]
- 1909–1913: Col. Gerald J. Cuthbert[109]
- 1913–1914: Col. Frederick James Heyworth[110]
- 1914–1916: Col. Henry Fludyer[111]
- 1916–1919: Col. James W. Smith-Neill[112]
- 1919–1920: Col. Lord E. C. Gordon-Lennox[113]
- 1920–1923: Col. A. B. E. Cator[114][115]
- 1923–1927: Col. G. C. B. Paynter[116]
- 1927–1931: Col. F. G. Alston[117][118]
- 1931–1934: Col. E. C. T. Warner[119]
- 1934–1938: Brig. E. W. S. Balfour[120][121]
- 1938–1939: Col. W. P. A. Bradshaw[122]
- 1939– : Col. E. W. S. Balfour
...
- 1959–1962: Col. The Earl Cathcart
- 1962–1964: Col. Adrian J. C. Seymour
- 1964–1967: Col. George P. M. Ramsay
- 1967–1970: Col. Archibald I. D. Fletcher
- 1970–1971: Col. John Swinton
- 1971–1974: Col. Sir Gregor MacGregor, 6th Baronet
- 1974–1978: Col. Murray P. de Klee
- 1978–1981: Col. Iain A. Ferguson
- 1981–1985: Col. James A. Dunsmure
- 1985–1987: Col. John M. Clavering
- 1987–1989: Lt. Col. Michael G. L. Whiteley
- 1989–1993: Brig. Michael I. E. Scott
- 1993–1995: Brig. Antony G. Ross
- 1995–2001: Maj. Gen. John P. Kiszely
- 2001–2006: Maj. Gen. John T. Holmes
- 2006–2011: Col. Alastair D. Mathewson
- 2011–2020: Brig. G. Harry F. S. Nickerson
- 2020–2021: Maj. Gen. Chris J. Bell
- 2021–present: Lt. Col. James D. L. Leask.
Battle honours
The battle honours of the Scots Guards are as follows:[123]
- Pre-First World War:
- First World War:
- Western Front: Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Havrincourt, Canal du Nord, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914–18
- Western Front:
- Second World War:
- North-West Europe: Stien, North-West Europe 1944–45
- North Africa: Halfaya 1941, Sidi Suleiman, North Africa 1941–43
- Italy: Italy 1943–45
- North-West Europe: Stien,
- Post World War II: Gulf 1991
Alliances
- Australia – 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment
- Royal Navy – HMS Duncan
Freedom of entry
Order of precedence
See also
Notes
- ^ The breast star of the Order of the Thistle.
References
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Sources
- Cannon, Richard (1842). Historical Record of the Eighty-Sixth, or the Royal County Down Regiment of Foot. London: J. W. Parker.
- Dalton, Charles (1896). English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. IV (2018 ed.). London: Forgotten Books. ISBN 978-1333543266.
- Folker, Martin. "3rd Foot Guards (Or Scotch Guards)". War of the Spanish succession. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
- Hickey, William (1995). Memoirs of a Georgian Rake. The Folio Society.
- Longford, Elizabeth (1971). Wellington; The years of the sword. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. ISBN 978-0586035481.
- McKinnon, Daniel (1883). Origins and Services of the Coldstream Guards, Volume I. Richard Bentley.
- "Scots Guards History". Scots Guards Association. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
External links
- Scots Guards Homepage
- Scots Guards Association Homepage Archived 25 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine