Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz
Prince Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz | |
---|---|
General de division | |
Battles/wars | Kościuszko Uprising French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars |
Jan Chrzciciel Henryk Witold Wołodkowicz (
Early life
Jan Wołodkowicz was born in
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
During the
Thanks to this marriage with Anna Małgorzata Fergusson-Tepper, a wealthy Warsaw banker's daughter, on 29 June 1792, he increased his fortune to 150,000 Polish złoty.[1] On 21 November 1793, he was awarded the Order of Saint Stanislaus by Stanisław August Poniatowski, but as the king had by then had joined the Targowica Confederation, this award was a dubious honor at that time.[1]
Regardless, Wołodkowicz joined the ranks of the rebels in the
French Revolutionary Wars
In 1796, Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz joined the
Napoleonic Wars
On 23 September 1806, as Général de brigade, he began organizing the 2nd Legion of the North at Nuremberg.[2] Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz fought in the Prussian and Polish campaigns of the War of the Fourth Coalition.[2] On 27 September 1807, he was transferred to serve the Grand Duchy of Warsaw by order of the Emperor, but after Wołodkowicz's complaints, the order was rescinded.[2]
In 1809, during the War of the Fifth Coalition, he was a general of the French Army.[4]
On the 1st of July 1812, he was made Governor of Minsk with the rank of Maréchal granted by Napoléon. Member of Grande Armée during
After 1815
After being released in 1815 he spent the rest of his life fighting legal battles in St. Petersburg, to regain his confiscated and usurped estates in Poland and Belarus.
Arc de Triomphe
According to some, his name is carved on the west pillar of the Arc de Triomphe as "Henry", his surname given by Napoleon. The Wolodkowicz family tried three times to correct the name to Wolodkowicz, in 1840, in 1928 with the backing of the Polish embassy and 1980. The French government always replied that they can not alter a historic monument. Others argue it is the name of a French colonel Claude François Henry who died in 1812 in Spain during the siege of Valencia.
Private life
He first married Anna Isabel Tepper de Ferguson, daughter of the banker
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Malejka, Arkadiusz. "Wołodkowicz Jan Chrzciciel Henryk (1765-1825)". napoleon.org.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Generałowie Armii Francuskiej 1792-1815". napoleon.org.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 4 March 2010.
- ^ Broughton, Tony (April 2004). "Regiments d'Infanterie Etrangers and the Colonels who led them during the period 1804-1815: The Polish Regiments". www.napoleon-series.org. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d Judycki & Judycki 2021, p. 67.
- ^ Andrzej Malejka, Wołodkowicz Jan Chrzciciel Henryk (1765-1825) (pol.)
Sources
- Judycki, Zbigniew; Judycki, Maksymilian (2021). Polacy w Armii Napoleona - Słownik Biograficzny Dowódców (PDF). Warsaw. ISBN 978-83-66640-51-1.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link