Joe 90
Joe 90 | |
---|---|
Genre | Science fiction |
Created by | Gerry and Sylvia Anderson |
Voices of | Keith Alexander Sylvia Anderson Rupert Davies Gary Files Len Jones Martin King David Healy Jeremy Wilkin Liz Morgan Shane Rimmer |
Music by | Barry Gray |
Country of origin | United Kingdom |
Original language | English |
No. of series | 1 |
No. of episodes | 30 (list of episodes) |
Production | |
Executive producer | Reg Hill |
Producer | David Lane |
Cinematography | Julien Lugrin Paddy Seale |
Editors | Harry MacDonald Bob Dearberg Len Cleal Alan Killick Norman A. Cole |
Running time | 25 minutes |
Production company | Century 21 Television Productions |
Original release | |
Network | ITV |
Release | 29 September 1968[1] – 20 April 1969[2] |
Related | |
Joe 90 is a British science fiction television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company, Century 21, for ITC Entertainment. It follows the exploits of nine-year-old schoolboy Joe McClaine, who becomes a spy after his adoptive father invents a device capable of recording expert knowledge and experience and transferring it to another human brain. Armed with the skills of the world's top academic and military minds, Joe is recruited by the World Intelligence Network (WIN) as its "Most Special Agent".
First broadcast on the ITV regional franchises between 1968 and 1969, the 30-episode series was the sixth and last of the Andersons' productions to be made primarily using a form of marionette puppetry dubbed "Supermarionation". Their final puppet series, The Secret Service, would include extensive footage of live actors. As in the preceding series, Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons, the puppets of Joe 90 are of natural body proportions as opposed to the caricatured design used for Thunderbirds and earlier Supermarionation productions.
Though not as successful as Century 21's earlier efforts, Joe 90 has been praised for the characterisation of its main puppet cast and the quality of its
As with its earlier productions, Century 21 produced tie-ins from comic strips to toy cars. The series was syndicated in the United States in 1969, repeated in the UK in the 1990s and released on DVD in the 2000s. A live-action film adaptation has been proposed more than once but remains undeveloped.
Premise
Joe 90 is widely believed to be set in 2012 and 2013.[3][4][5] The scriptwriters' guide stated that the year is 1998, while other sources place the series at an unspecified point in the early 21st century.[4][6][7] The episode "The Unorthodox Shepherd" is implied to be set in 2013.[E 1][7]
The series revolves around the eponymous Joe, a nine-year-old schoolboy and the adopted son of widowed computer expert Professor Ian "Mac" McClaine. Ostensibly an ordinary father-and-son pair, the McClaines live in an
Sam Loover, a friend of Mac and an agent of the World Intelligence Network (WIN), recognises the potential of Joe and the BIG RAT and persuades the McClaines to pledge their services to the organisation. With the aid of the BIG RAT, Joe becomes a spy unlike any other: by taking on the brain patterns of expert adults, he gains the skills needed to undertake dangerous missions, while his youth helps him to avoid arousing enemy suspicion.[E 2] As long as he wears a pair of special glasses, which contain electrodes that store the transferred brain patterns, he is able to carry out all manner of assignments – from piloting fighter aircraft[E 2][E 3][E 4][E 5] to performing neurosurgery[E 6] to playing the piano.[E 7] Known as WIN's "Most Special Agent",[E 2] Joe 90 reports to Shane Weston, the network's commander-in-chief in London, and carries a specially-adapted school case featuring a secret compartment that contains a radio transceiver and high-capacity handgun.[N 1][E 2][E 8] The series ends with a clip show episode set on Joe's 10th birthday, in which a number of his missions are recalled as flashbacks during a surprise party.[E 9]
Like earlier Supermarionation series, Joe 90 features secret organisations,
However, despite the existence of a world government, the nations of Earth are still divided into Western and Eastern blocs. Here, Cull argues, Joe 90 is similar to earlier Anderson series in that it "unashamedly capitalised on the Cold War cult of the secret agent whose skills defend the home from enemies unknown".[10] Hostile entities include the Eastern Alliance, which dominates Asia and appears in the episodes "Attack of the Tiger" and "Mission X-41".[E 4][E 5] "Arctic Adventure" and "Attack of the Tiger" combine the threat from the East with dangerous nuclear technology: in the former, Joe attempts to recover a lost atomic warhead from the ocean floor while avoiding enemy submarines; in the latter, he must destroy a nuclear device before it is launched into orbit to hold the world to ransom.[E 4][E 13][11] In contrast, "Big Fish" portrays nuclear technology as a force for good: in this episode, Joe pilots a damaged nuclear submarine out of the territorial waters of a Latin American police state.[E 14][12]
Production
Joe 90 was intended to be a different kind of Supermarionation series, with the emphasis less on action, gadgetry and special effects and more on
The series was commissioned by
Occupied by Thunderbird 6 and his live-action film Doppelgänger, Gerry Anderson was unable to serve as producer as he had on Captain Scarlet. The role was assumed by Reg Hill and David Lane.[5][6] Lane remembered that as producer he was responsible for "looking at the scripts, the effects, the puppets, the whole thing really".[22] He found support in Anderson's long-serving collaborator Desmond Saunders, who directed the first episode and stayed on as production manager for the rest of the series.[22][23] Joe 90's other directors included Leo Eaton, Alan Perry and Ken Turner, all of whom had directed episodes of Captain Scarlet, and Peter Anderson, who was promoted from assistant director to replace Brian Burgess and Robert Lynn.[23]
A Christmas-themed episode, "The Unorthodox Shepherd",[E 1] featured location shooting to an extent that Century 21 had never attempted before.[27] The final Supermarionation series, The Secret Service, advanced this hybrid format by combining puppet sequences with extensive footage of live actors.[28]
Design
Keith Wilson and Grenville Nott took over from Bob Bell as heads of the art department and built the inside of Culver Bay Cottage from a design by Mike Trim.[15][30] Anderson remembered being pleased with the cottage set: "The interior, with its beams and lovely soft furnishings, was really beautiful."[17] The BIG RAT model was built by the newly-formed Century 21 Props (or Electronics), which was based in Bourne End[L 2] and was responsible for making the gadget props that appear in the series.[23][27][31]
Though busy with Thunderbird 6 and Doppelgänger, Derek Meddings briefly reprised his role as special effects director to construct Mac's Jet Air Car.[15] The vehicle was a disappointment to Anderson, who commented that it "looked like no other piece of hardware we had had previously, but I was wary of canning it as I feared I might be becoming stereotyped."[15][32] Stephen La Rivière, author of Filmed in Supermarionation: A History of the Future, considers the Jet Air Car an update of Supercar from Anderson's series of the same name. However, he agrees that while the car is Joe 90's "star vehicle", it is unimpressive compared to the "beautiful, sleek design of its predecessor".[15]
Puppets
The Supermarionation puppets of Joe 90 were the naturally-proportioned kind that had been introduced for Captain Scarlet. The drive for increased realism in all design aspects that had begun with the preceding series continued in Joe 90.
Joe was the first child marionette to be made as part of the new generation of Supermarionation puppets.[35] The puppets of Sam Loover and Shane Weston had each made several guest appearances in Captain Scarlet. For their regular roles in Joe 90 they were given a range of alternative "mood" heads, including "smilers", "frowners" and "blinkers".[5][6][21] The Weston puppet was also re-wigged.[36] Many of Century 21's "revamp puppets", which had played supporting characters in Captain Scarlet, were copied in darker skin colours to portray a range of ethnicities. As two stages were being used for filming, the "expressionless" main character puppets were also duplicated.[21] Like Captain Scarlet, Joe 90 also featured "under-control" puppets that were manipulated by levers from under the set instead of wires from an overhead gantry.[21]
Music
The theme and incidental music were composed by Barry Gray. Episodes begin with either a cold open (a first for an Anderson series) or the title sequence, which sees Joe receiving a brain pattern from the BIG RAT. The opening theme is dominated by the notes of guitarist Vic Flick, known for performing lead guitar in the "James Bond Theme" from the film Dr. No (1962).[32] In Anderson's biography, What Made Thunderbirds Go!, the Joe 90 theme is described as a "dizzying piece of psychedelic pop art that could have been produced only in the late Sixties".[32] The closing credits are superimposed over images of objects such as Joe's spectacles and WIN badge.[37] While the concepts for these images were photographic, the final versions were augmented with airbrush artwork.[37]
Besides the music for the first episode, "The Most Special Agent", Gray composed incidental music for a further 20 episodes.
Gray's compositions occasionally required guest talent. The piano music in the episode "International Concerto" was performed by Robert Docker (while the child's hands seen in the close-up shots of Joe playing belonged to Gray's son, Simon).[40][41] "Lone-Handed 90" features a recurring harmonica played by Tommy Reilly.[42]
Silva Screen Records released a Joe 90 soundtrack CD in 2006.[39][43] Rating the CD three-and-a-half stars out of five, AllMusic reviewer William Ruhlmann comments that while the music is "not great writing" it remains "perfectly adequate, if not inspired."[44] Earlier releases include a 45 rpm gramophone record, Title Theme from the ATV Series Joe 90, which also featured various incidental music.[45]
Joe 90 (Original Television Soundtrack) | |
---|---|
Soundtrack album by | |
Released | 15 May 2006[39][43] |
Genre | Pop |
Length | 78:07[44] |
Label | Silva Screen Records[39][43] |
No. | Title | Length |
---|---|---|
1. | "Century 21 Sting" | 0:10 |
2. | "Main Titles" (Stereo. From "The Most Special Agent") | 1:58 |
3. | "The Most Special Agent" (Stereo) | 3:21 |
4. | "Arctic Adventure" | 5:07 |
5. | "Operation McClaine" | 2:25 |
6. | "The Race" | 5.39 |
7. | "Double Agent Entertainment" (Stereo. From "Double Agent") | 2:02 |
8. | "Jungle Fortress" (Stereo. From "The Fortress") | 2:03 |
9. | "Dr. Darota's Alpine Clinic" (Stereo. From "Project 90") | 1:38 |
10. | "Balloon Flight" (Stereo. From "Project 90") | 4:04 |
11. | "Death, Love and Betrayal" (Stereo. From "Three's a Crowd") | 3:32 |
12. | "Tragedy Aboard the U85" (Stereo. From "Big Fish") | 3:19 |
13. | "Porto Guavan" (Stereo. From "Big Fish") | 3:18 |
14. | "King for a Day" | 5:18 |
15. | "The Unorthodox Shepherd" (Stereo) | 2:24 |
16. | "Mission Tango 120" (From "Hi-jacked") | 5:02 |
17. | "Break Sting – Version 1" (Stereo) | 0:04 |
18. | "Lyons Maid Commercial" | 0:29 |
19. | "Break Sting – Version 2" (Stereo) | 0:07 |
20. | "Showdown at Colletti's Hideout" (From "Hi-jacked") | 3:34 |
21. | "International Concerto" (Stereo) | 3:47 |
22. | "A Piano Recital from Igor Sladek" (From "International Concerto") | 1:39 |
23. | "Relative Danger" | 3:12 |
24. | "Splashdown" (Stereo) | 4:43 |
25. | "The Colonel's March" (From "Colonel McClaine") | 1:35 |
26. | "Lone-Handed 90" | 4:48 |
27. | "End Titles" (Stereo) | 1:26 |
28. | "Opening Titles" (Stereo) | 1:23 |
Voice cast
Compared to Captain Scarlet, Joe 90 features a smaller cast of just five regular characters.
- Len Jones as Joe McClaine. For realism, Joe was voiced by child actor Jones instead of an actress (as was usually the case for child characters in earlier Supermarionation series).[49] Gerry Anderson commented that having a woman voice a boy "always sounded rather odd to me. It never sounded like a real little boy ... With Joe 90, I suggested finding a British kid and making him repeat the lines parrot fashion." He described Jones' performance as "only adequate, but at least it sounded authentic."[17][32]
- typecast.[13][35][46] He was the most distinguished actor yet to contribute to an Anderson series.[35][46] In Gerry Anderson's biography What Made Thunderbirds Go!, Simon Archer and Marcus Hearn describe Mac's "warm yet distinguished" English tones as a "perfect counterpoint" to Sam Loover and Shane Weston.[46]
- Keith Alexander as Sam Loover. Alexander had previously voiced characters in Thunderbird 6 as a replacement for Ray Barrett.[49] During the 1960s, he also provided the voice of another puppet character, Topo Gigio, on The Ed Sullivan Show in the US.[13][50]
- David Healy as Shane Weston. Healy, an American expatriate actor, had voiced guest characters in Captain Scarlet and often played transatlantic characters in British television.[46]
- Lady Penelopein Thunderbirds and its film sequels.
Supporting characters were voiced by Alexander, Healy and Anderson as well as returning voice actors Gary Files, Martin King, Jeremy Wilkin, Shane Rimmer and (for one episode, "Viva Cordova") Liz Morgan. Rimmer and Morgan were not credited for their contributions.[51] Files said that he was "tickled pink" to be working with Davies, commenting: "I hated the way that so many so-called producers wouldn't meet his eye. He was Maigret forever, you see, in their eyes."[35][52] On her one role in Joe 90, Morgan said: "They needed a voice, they called around and everyone else was out shopping. So they called me in."[4]
Broadcast
Joe 90 debuted on
The series had several UK
In 1994, Joe 90 was shown on
Reception
I liked the idea of it all being a sort of family thing and I also liked the puppets themselves more than the ones in Captain Scarlet. They had more character and were a bit of a move back to the earlier characters. The Spectrum puppets were all sort of "pretty boys", everyone was good-looking and all the Angels were very sexy and beautiful, but in Joe 90 we had old-lady housekeepers and that sort of thing, which I personally thought was much better.
David Lane (2001)[24]
Author John Peel questions Mac's ethics in "experimenting on" Joe to further the development of the BIG RAT.[62][63] On Joe as a secret agent he jokingly remarks "presumably there are no child labour laws in the future!"[64] La Rivière's attention is drawn to Mac's line at the end of the first episode: the admonition "Don't come crying to me if you get hurt!" demonstrates the professor's willingness to "abnegate all parental responsibility".[21] Noting Joe 90's subscription to "wider themes in Cold War culture", Cull likens the BIG RAT's capabilities to brainwashing but concludes that fundamentally it is "benign" technology.[8] The stronger violence introduced in Captain Scarlet is sometimes evident in Joe 90: in "Hi-jacked", Joe kills an enemy with a grenade,[E 8] while in "Project 90", Mac narrowly avoids having his head pulverised by a drill.[E 10][4] Desmond Saunders comments: "There was an unpleasant side to [the series] which I never really understood. There was something about it that was very strange and sinister."[4]
Producer
[Captain Scarlet] was too mechanical and needed humanising. And Joe 90? I think the concept was a good one, but again there was a lack of humour and a lack of feminine influence. If you ever see anything that's all male, apart from a war film, it's a bit dull, isn't it?
Sylvia Anderson (1992)[68]
La Rivière notes the intimacy of the premise and the predominantly male characters, suggesting that Joe 90 is "very much a
Premiered in the same year, 1968 ...
space age, Joe 90 expressed for its child audience equivalent kinds of "golden living dreams and visions" of futuristic possibility, appropriate to the then general utopian Zeitgeist.
John R. Cook (2006)[70]
Both Anderson and Cull suggest that the series, with its bespectacled protagonist, boosted the self-confidence of young viewers who wore glasses.[9][17][71] The name "Joe 90" has become a popular term of endearment for both children and adults who wear glasses similar to Joe's, such as snooker player Dennis Taylor.[31] During the 1990s, comparisons were made between Joe and then-Prime Minister John Major, also known for his large glasses.[72] Jeff Evans, author of The Penguin TV Companion, criticises the glasses as a plot device, writing that they make Joe "look more like the class swot than a secret agent."[73]
Cook reads further into the series' theme of child empowerment, writing that Joe 90 creates a "
Joe 90 lacked some of the lustre of the earlier shows. It didn't have much success, although I was proud of the concept. Maybe the stories assumed too much importance and the inadequacies of the puppets showed through.
Gerry Anderson (2002)[32]
Ultimately, Joe 90 has proven to be less successful than earlier Anderson productions.
Toys, comics and books
Tie-ins included a range from
Joe 90 was also given its own weekly comic, Joe 90 Top Secret, published by City Magazines, which ran for 34 issues and presented the TV episodes in strip form, while also including strips based on the TV shows The Champions and Land of the Giants.[32][78] In September 1969, Joe 90 Top Secret merged with TV21 (formerly TV Century 21) to form TV21 and Joe 90.[32] After a further 36 issues, the Joe 90 strips were dropped and the title reverted to TV21.[32] Other print media included 1968 and 1969 Joe 90 annuals by Century 21 Publishing/City Magazines as well as two short novels by May Fair Books: Joe 90 and the Raiders and Joe 90 in Revenge.[79]
During the 1990s, Joe 90 appeared as a comic strip in the
Later productions
In 1981, the New York branch of
In 2001, three Joe 90-themed "trailers" were filmed to accompany the BBC nostalgia series
In the 1980s, the rights to the ITC productions belonged to
Home media
In the 1980s, Channel 5 (later PolyGram Video) released the series on home video in the UK.[91] The eight-volume set featured the episodes "The Most Special Agent", "Splashdown", "Attack of the Tiger" and "Arctic Adventure" in their re-edited forms from the 1981 compilation film The Amazing Adventures of Joe 90, which itself received three video releases in the 1980s.[91] Re-released in 1992, the set used 16 mm prints of poorer quality than the original film.[91][92]
In 2002, Carlton released a five-disc Region 2 DVD box set and a VHS box set of 5 tapes sourced from a digital remaster of the original 35 mm prints.[92] This was followed by DVD Region 1 and Region 4 releases in 2003.[92] A French-language release – Joe 90: Agent Très Spécial – hit the Canadian market in 2004.[92] Through these releases, the episodes that make up the compilation film were made commercially available in their unedited forms for the first time.[91]
DVD
Title and country[92] | Region[92] | Specifications[92] | Distributor[92] | Special features[93][92] | Released[92] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe 90 – The Complete Series US |
1 |
|
A&E Home Video |
|
29 July 2003 |
Joe 90 – Agent Très Spécial Canada |
1 |
|
Imavision |
|
25 May 2004 |
Joe 90 – Complete Series UK |
2 |
|
Carlton International |
|
|
Joe 90 – Complete Series Australia |
4 |
|
Beyond Home Entertainment
|
8 October 2003 |
Blu-ray (UK)
Title | Episodes | Released |
---|---|---|
This is Supermarionation/HD21 | "The Most Special Agent" and "Hi-jacked" (plus episodes from other Supermarionation series) | 20 October 2014 |
Joe 90 – Volume 1 | "The Most Special Agent", "Hi-jacked", "Splashdown", "Operation McClaine", "Three's a Crowd", "International Concerto", "Big Fish" and "The Unorthodox Shepherd" | 29 September 2018 |
Joe 90 – Volume 2 | "Relative Danger", "Business Holiday", "King for a Day", "Double Agent", "Most Special Astronaut", "Arctic Adventure", "The Fortress" and "Colonel McClaine" | 10 December 2018 |
Joe 90 – Volume 3 | "Project 90", "The Race", "The Professional", "Lone-Handed 90", "Attack of the Tiger", "Talkdown", "Breakout" and "Mission X-41" | 10 December 2018 |
Joe 90 – Volume 4 | "Test Flight", "Child of the Sun God", "Trial at Sea", "Viva Cordova", "See You Down There" and "The Birthday" (Plus additional documentaries) | 18 March 2019 |
Joe 90 – The Complete Series | All | 14 October 2019[94] |
Notes
- ^ There is some inconsistency as to why Joe is codenamed "90". According to the series' publicity, he is so called because he is the 90th WIN agent to be based in London. However, the episode "Project 90" implies that it originates from "File Number 90", WIN's secret dossier on the BIG RAT (La Rivière, p. 185).
References
Primary sources
- ^ a b Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Ken Turner (22 December 1968). "The Unorthodox Shepherd". Joe 90. Episode 13.
- ^ a b c d e f Written by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson. Directed by Desmond Saunders (29 September 1968). "The Most Special Agent". Joe 90. Episode 1.
- ^ Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Alan Perry (9 February 1969). "Talkdown". Joe 90. Episode 20.
- ^ a b c d e Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Peter Anderson (16 March 1969). "Attack of the Tiger". Joe 90. Episode 25.
- ^ a b Written by Pat Dunlop. Directed by Ken Turner (30 March 1969). "Mission X-41". Joe 90. Episode 27.
- ^ Written by Gerry Anderson and David Lane. Directed by Ken Turner (15 December 1968). "Operation McClaine". Joe 90. Episode 12.
- ^ Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Alan Perry (17 November 1968). "International Concerto". Joe 90. Episode 8.
- ^ a b Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Alan Perry (20 October 1968). "Hi-jacked". Joe 90. Episode 4.
- ^ Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Leo Eaton (20 April 1969). "The Birthday". Joe 90. Episode 30.
- ^ a b Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Peter Anderson (13 October 1968). "Project 90". Joe 90. Episode 3.
- ^ Written by Shane Rimmer. Directed by Peter Anderson (8 December 1968). "Relative Danger". Joe 90. Episode 11.
- ^ Written by Donald James. Directed by Leo Eaton (26 January 1969). "The Professional". Joe 90. Episode 18.
- ^ Written by Tony Barwick. Directed by Alan Perry (5 January 1968). "Arctic Adventure". Joe 90. Episode 15.
- ^ Written by Shane Rimmer. Directed by Leo Eaton (1 December 1968). "Big Fish". Joe 90. Episode 10.
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- ^ a b c Bentley: Episode Guide, p. 140.
- ^ Bentley: Episode Guide, p. 149.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cull, p. 197.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j La Rivière, p. 185.
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- ^ a b Bentley: Episode Guide, p. 142.
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- ^ a b c d e La Rivière, p. 182.
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- ^ Archer and Hearn, p. 167.
- ^ a b c La Rivière, p. 177.
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- ^ a b c d e f g La Rivière, p. 179.
- ^ a b c d e Archer and Hearn, p. 168.
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- ^ "The Most Special Agent". BigRat.co.uk. 9 April 2009. Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
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- ^ a b Archer and Hearn, p. 171.
- ^ Archer and Hearn, p. 180.
- ^ Wickes, Simon (29 December 2003). "Snappy Gallery – Joe 90: "The Most Special Agent"". tvcentury21.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ La Rivière, p. 183.
- ^ a b Archer and Nicholls, p. 141.
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- ^ a b c d La Rivière, p. 180.
- ^ Bentley: Captain Scarlet, p. 113.
- ^ a b Joe 90 Collector's Edition DVD Box Set: Disc 5 Special Features (DVD). London, UK: Carlton. 2002.
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{{cite AV media notes}}
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Works cited
- ISBN 978-0-563-53481-5.
- Archer, Simon; ISBN 978-0-09-922442-6.
- Bentley, Chris (2001). The Complete Book of Captain Scarlet. London, UK: ISBN 978-1-84222-405-2.
- Bentley, Chris (2008) [2001]. The Complete Gerry Anderson: The Authorised Episode Guide (4th ed.). London, UK: Reynolds & Hearn. pp. 137, 139–40, 149, 361–2. ISBN 978-1-905287-74-1.
- Cook, John R. (2006). "The Age of Aquarius: Utopia and Anti-Utopia in late 1960s' and early 1970s' British Science Fiction Television". In Cook, John R.; Wright, Peter (eds.). British Science Fiction Television: A Hitchhiker's Guide. London, UK: ISBN 978-1-84511-047-5.
- S2CID 142878042.
- La Rivière, Stephen (2009). Filmed in Supermarionation: A History of the Future. Neshannock, Pennsylvania: Hermes Press. pp. 177–85. ISBN 978-1-932563-23-8.
- Marriott, John; Rogers, Dave; Drake, Chris; Bassett, Graeme (1993). Supermarionation Classics: Stingray, Thunderbirds and Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons. London, UK: ISBN 978-1-85283-900-0.
- ISBN 978-0-86369-728-9.
Production locations
- ^ Slough Trading Estate: 51°31′28″N 0°37′30″W / 51.5244°N 0.6250°W (principal photography and editing)
- ^ Century 21 Props: 51°34′31″N 0°42′35″W / 51.5752°N 0.7096°W (props and electronics)
- Olympic Sound Studios: 51°28′31″N 0°14′27″W / 51.4752°N 0.2407°W(music recording)
- ^ Barry Gray Studio: 51°22′09″N 0°21′54″W / 51.3691°N 0.365°W (music recording)