John Buddle

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John Buddle 1773-1843. Original painting is in The Common Room of the Great North

John Buddle (15 September 1773 – 10 October 1843) was a prominent self-made

Seaham Harbour, establishing an important trade dock. He was chairman of the company that built the Tyne Dock at South Shields
, and was also involved in the creation of two harbours and the development of a tunnel.

Early life

Born on 15 September 1773 at

John Buddle, senior, and Mary Reay. John Buddle senior was a mathematician who worked at a local school before pursuing a career in the mining industry, being responsible for his son's wide education, particularly in maths and science.[1] One of his earliest notebooks resides in The Common Room of Great North in Newcastle upon Tyne, containing notes on a wide range of scientific and geographical topics.[2] Buddle's father also gave him a practical education in mining, even as early, John Buddle commented as "six years old". At the age of 19, John Buddle became the underviewer to his father, and in 1801 he was appointed viewer of Benwell Colliery, soon buying a thirteenth share in the colliery worth £2,700, beginning his role as a Director with a salary of £100 a year.[3]

The Wallsend colliery

John Buddle followed his father into the profession of

Wallsend Colliery[5] in 1806, though his work was not limited to just the local colliery. Buddle was involved with the introduction of the miners safety lamp invented by Humphry Davy being involved in the earliest discussions with Davy in August 1815 and providing "fire-damp" samples for experiments in Davy's London Laboratory.[6]

The moment when Buddle tested the new Davy safety lamp for the first time, for real, in

Northeast England, is recorded by him in a report to the Select Committee on Accidents in Mines on 4 September 1835 "I first tried the lamp in an explosive mixture on the surface; and then took it to the mine; it is impossible for me to express my feelings at the time when I first suspended the lamp in the mine and saw it red hot. I said to those around me: 'We have at last subdued this monster [fire-damp].'" This is a record of one of the most significant moments in the industrialization of the World.[7]

John Buddle was a member of the Sunderland Society, set up to investigate colliery safety,[8] and in this connection made scientific investigations into mine ventilation and advocated the keeping of proper records. The most important appointment, however, came when Buddle was appointed as General Manager to Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. Londonderry had married a wealthy heiress, said to be the wealthiest woman in Britain, Lady Frances Anne Vane Tempest, and thus came to run her Durham collieries.[9] Together, Londonderry and Buddle embarked on a project to develop a Port at Seaham, intending to bypass the Tyne and Wear monopolies. The building of the port began in 1828, and would not be finished until fifteen years later, in which the first shipment of coal was sent out on Buddle's personal ship, Lord Seaham. He even saw through much of the development of the town, his influence being so great that, when his sister Ann died, the ships dressed in black and the shops closed as a matter of respect. He also represented the Marquess on the committee of coalowners who regulated the North East coal trade with London.[10][11][12] Although he was mostly active in the Great North Coalfield, the records show Buddle took on work all over Britain, including matters in Portugal, South America, Russia and Nova Scotia. Two of his latest colliery appointments were in 1837 when he became the owner of West Towneley Colliery and also the viewer to the Bishop of Durham- a post previously held by his Father.

In collaboration with

Waggonway.[14]

Buddle was a coalowner in his own right as well as a viewer and practical manager for many pits in the region of the rivers Tyne and Wear, and his advice was sought on both mining and railways from as far afield as Nova Scotia.[15][16]

Buddle was an active member of Newcastle society, and held numerous positions in his lifetime. In 1838, he was elected vice-president of the prestigious

Literary and Philosophical Society and also became vice- president of the North of England Fine Arts Society. In 1842 he was appointed as Steward for Northumberland at the Newcastle Infirmary, a position which allowed him to appoint physicians to the hospital, and, due to his interest in theatre, he was Chairman of the committee for the new theatre in the 1830s, and he personally designed the heating system for the Theatre Royal
. Throughout his life, Buddle donated money to numerous causes, including one to relieve the poverty of seamen employed in the Northern Whale Fishery, the benefit of widows and orphans of mining disasters, and the erection of Penshaw monument in memory of his friend John George Lambton, first Earl of Durham.

Death

A

Elswick
.

Buddle's bust is displayed at the Neville Hall and Wood Memorial Hall (The Common Room of the Great North) in Newcastle upon Tyne. It is one of two busts, the other being of Thomas Emerson Forster.[20]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The King of the Coal Trade - John Buddle. St James' Heritage and Environment Group, 2011
  2. ^ "North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers: Buddle". Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  3. ^ Hiskey, C.E. (1978). John Buddle (1773-1843): agent and entrepreneur in the North-East coal trade (Masters). MLitt thesis, Durham University. p. 264.
  4. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3884. Retrieved 26 August 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership
    required.)
  5. ^ "Coal Mining in Wallsend 1778-1854". North Tyneside Libraries. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 14 August 2008.
  6. ISBN 0750932317
    .
  7. ISBN 0750932317
    .
  8. ^ Lumsdon, John. "Felling Colliery Explosion May 1812". Archived from the original on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 14 August 2008.
  9. ISBN 0-902958-02-X
    .
  10. ^ Taylor, A. J. (1955). "The Third Marquis of Londonderry and the North-Eastern coal trade". Durham University Journal. 48: 21–7.
  11. ^ Heesom, A. J. (1974). "Entrepreneurial Paternalism: the Third Lord Londonderry (1778-1854) and the Coal Trade". Durham University Journal. 66: 238–56.
  12. ^ Hiskey, Christine E. (1983). "The Third Marquess of Londonderry and the regulation of the coal trade: the case re-opened". Durham University Journal. 75: 1–9.
  13. ISBN 0-904685-08-X
    .
  14. ISBN 1-85795-161-1
    .
  15. ISBN 0-904685-08-X
    .
  16. ^ MacDonald, Herb (2009). "Brits and Canadians cheer as John Buddle steams into view after 170 years". Railway and Canal Historical Society. 36: 96–101.
  17. ^ "Obituary: John Buddle". Durham Mining Museum. Retrieved 27 August 2008.
  18. ISBN 0-19-828283-4
    .
  19. ^ In the graveyard with ivy
  20. ^ "Neville Hall and Wood Memorial Hall, Newcastle upon Tyne". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

References

  • This article is based upon the help of The King of the Coal Trade: John Buddle. (Local People: Local Heroes. Local History Series No 1.) Newcastle upon Tyne: St James' Heritage and Environment Group, 2011.

Further reading

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