Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Agency overview | |
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Formed | May 1, 1959 |
Headquarters | Pearl Harbor, Hawaii |
Employees | 59 (2015)[1] |
Parent agency | United States Navy United States Air Force |
Website | metoc.navy.mil/jtwc |
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint
Its U.S. Navy components are aligned with the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command.
History
The origins of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) can be traced back to June 1945, when the Fleet Weather Center/Typhoon Tracking Center was established on the island of
The JTWC initially consisted of ten people with two officers and three enlisted personnel provided by each service.[5] It was required to provide warnings on all tropical cyclones between the Malay Peninsula and the International Dateline for US government agencies.[5] They also had to determine reconnaissance requirements, prepare annual typhoon summaries, and conduct research into tropical cyclone forecasting and detection.[3] In November 1962, Typhoon Karen destroyed the building housing the Fleet Weather Center/Joint Typhoon Warning Center. It relocated in a more typhoon-proof building in 1965.[7] Between 1971 and 1976, CINCPAC gradually expanded out the JTWC's area of responsibility, to include the area between the International Dateline and the African coasts. In October 1978, the Fleet Weather Center/JTWC became the Navy Oceanographic Command Center/Joint Typhoon Warning Center and responsible for the whole oceanic environment, from the bottom of the ocean to the top of the atmosphere.[8] The JTWC subsequently started issuing warnings for the Southern Hemisphere between the African coast and the International Dateline during October 1980.[8] It was relocated to Pearl Harbor on January 1, 1999, due to the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission round. During October 2011, the JTWC's name changed from the "Naval Maritime Forecast Center/Joint Typhoon Warning Center" to just the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, as it became a stand-alone command for the first time in its 52-year history.[9]
Standards and practices
A more modernized method for forecasting tropical cyclones had become apparent by the 1980s. Prior to the development of ATCF, the tools used by the Department of Defense to forecast tropical cyclone track were acetate, grease pencils, and disparate computer programs.
JTWC adheres to the
Staffing
The center is staffed by about 37
See also
- Invest (meteorology)
- 2024 Pacific hurricane season
- 2024 Pacific typhoon season
- 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
- 2023–24 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
- 2023–24 Australian region cyclone season
- 2023–24 South Pacific cyclone season
References
- ^ Annual Tropical Cyclone Report 2015 (PDF) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 16, 2016. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
- ^ a b Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement". Archived from the original on August 12, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
- ^ a b c d Joint Typhoon Warning Center 50th Anniversary May 1959 – May 2009. April 29, 2009. Archived from the original on July 17, 2016. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ Anstett, Richard (April 30, 1998). "World War II Era". History of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center up to 1998. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ a b c d Fleet Weather Central; Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Annual Typhoon Report: 1959 (PDF) (Report). United States Navy, United States Air Force. pp. 4–6. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ a b c d Anstett, Richard (April 30, 1998). "JTWC Formation, 1958-1959". History of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center up to 1998. Archived from the original on February 18, 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ Richard Anstett. JTWC Formation, 1958-1959. Retrieved on December 10, 2006.
- ^ a b Anslett, Richard A (April 30, 1998). "Realignment, Renaming And Relocating". History of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center up to 1998. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "Joint Typhoon Warning Center rededicates new operation floor and mission : Hookele – Pearl Harbor – Hickam News". Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
- ^ .
- .
- ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center Product Notice at bottom of webpage. "Joint Typhoon Warning Center". Archived from the original on August 9, 2015. Retrieved July 17, 2015.
- ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
- ^ Freeman, Bob (November 13, 2009). "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Marks 50 Years of Service". U.S. Department of Defense. Archived from the original on July 13, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
- ^ Annual Tropical Cyclone Report 2013 (PDF) (Report). Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2014. p. 5.