Josef Kaizl
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Josef Kaizl | |
---|---|
Imperial Council | |
In office 1885–1887 | |
In office 1891–1901 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Volyně, Kingdom of Bohemia, Austrian Empire | 18 June 1854
Died | 19 August 1901 Myslkovice, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary | (aged 47)
Political party | Old Czech Party Czech Realist Party Young Czech Party |
Occupation | Professor, Politician, Economist |
Josef Kaizl (10 June 1854,
Early life and education
Born into the family of Eduard Kaizl, controller of inland revenue, and a German speaking mother. He was the oldest of seven siblings.
Schooling began in a German-language school in
He studied law at the Charles University in Prague (1871-1875), while in between the years 1874-1875 he underwent mandatory military service in the military supply corps. in Prague. He later went on to study economics at the University of Strasbourg (1877) under Gustav von Schmoller and Georg Friedrich Knapp. He would become a large proponent of the Schmoller historical method, and spread it through his writings.[2]
In 1879 he started as an assistant professor in economics at Charles University. He lectured both in Czech and German. Josef Kaizl, alongside Albín Bráf, was later appointed as the first Czech economist of Charles University. In 1888 he became a full professor.[3]
Political activities
In the Imperial Council elections of 1885 he won a seat representing the Old Czechs. The party, however, broke opinions and he announced his resignation from the Council in 1887.
After 1887, he collaborated closely with
Young Czech politician
In 1890 alongside other realists (including Masaryk) he joined the
In 1896 in parliament the
Kaizl would see through to the end of the Young Czech's as a political party. The Young Czechs had begun to dissolve by the 1890s. Problems with the Young Czech reign: the party’s inability to win legislation adequate to satisfy rising Czech expectations and needs; government suppression of the labor and radical youth movements, with resultant curtailment of civil liberties; bitter disputes among party leaders and factions including Masaryk, Kaizl, and Kramář; opportunistic tactics that discouraged progressive liberalism all induced the dissolution of the party.[9]
Finance minister
Starting in 1898 Josef Kaizl became the finance minister of the Austrian government under the
Later life
Kaizl would remain the de facto head of the Young Czechs, and repeatedly acted as a moderating element. Kaizl would defend his seat in parliament and the Vienna Imperial Council until his death, where he would then be replaced by the deputy chair Franz Fiedler.
He died unexpectedly at the age of 47 in his summer residence at village Myslkovice. His body was embalmed and buried in Prague’s Vyšehrad Cemetery.[11] Kaizl’s tomb is adorned with a statue crafted by Czech sculptor Bohumil Kafka.
Works
- in German
- Der Kampf um die Gewerbereform und Gewerbefreiheit in Bayern 1799–1868 ("The Battle for the Commercial Reform and Freedom of Trade in Bavaria"), 1879
- Die Lehre von der Überwälzung der Steuern, 1882
- in Czech
- Národní hospodářství ("National Economy"), 1883
- O postátnění železnic v Rakousku ("The Nationalization of the Railways in Austria"), 1883
- Obnovený řád živnostenský ("Renewed Trade Regulation"), 1883
- Vyrovnání s Uhry 1866 a 1877 ("Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867"), 1886
- Finanční věda ("Financial Science"), 1888
- Náprava rakouské měny ("Remedy of Austrian currency"), 1890
- Lid selský, jeho poroba a vymanění v zemích českých ("Rural people, his enslavement and emancipation in the Czech lands"), 1895
- České myšlénky ("Czech Thoughts"), 1895
- O státoprávním programu českém ("About Czech Constitutional Program"), 1896
- O úroku a lichvě ("About Interest and Usury"), 1879
- Hospodářská theorie hodnoty ("Economic Theory of Value"), 1890
- Ethika a socialism ("Ethics and Socialism"), 1894
See also
References
- ^ Matriční záznam o narození a křtu
- ISSN 0094-3037
- ISBN 80-901579-0-4. p. 143. (in Czech)
- ^ Battle for the Castle: The Myth of Czechoslovakia in Europe, 1914-1948
- ^ Human Rights in the New Europe: Problems and Progress
- ^ "Capka - file no. 76".
- ISBN 80-901579-0-4. S. 143. (Czech)
- ^ Czech society from 1848 to 1918 . 429-430, 446-454
- ^ Winters, Stanley B.: "The Young Czech Party (1874-1914): An Appraisal.", Slavic Review, 1969, 426-444.
- ISBN 978-3-7001-3213-4. Chapter Kaizl, Joseph (1854-1901), Politiker und Nationalökonom, p. 185. (in German)
- ^ "Doména nenalezena | Webhosting zdarma pro každého" (PDF).