Juan Núñez I de Lara
Juan Núñez I de LaraEl Gordo | |
---|---|
Head of the Teresa de Haro | |
Issue | Juan Núñez II de Lara Nuño González de Lara Juana Núñez de Lara |
Father | Nuño González de Lara |
Mother | Teresa Alfonso de León |
Juan Núñez I de Lara y León (died
Family Origins
Juan was the son of
Biography
Childhood and time during the reign of Alfonso X El Sabio
Juan Núñez' exact date of birth is unknown. On 2 February 1266, was declared a vassal of Santa María and the Señor de Albarracín. Together with his brother, Nuño González de Lara y León the brothers donated certain goods to Mayor Alfonso, the abbess of the Monasterio de Santa María y San Andrés[1] A few months later on 25 July 1266 together with his brother Nuño González, he was confirmed in a document affirming the commitment of certain nobles of Caleruega to their donations to the King, Alfonso X of Castile. These donations were made for the purpose of acquiring the Monastery at Caleruega and confirming that other ricoshombres with interests in Caleruega accepted this claim over the monastery.[2]
Juan Núñez I de Lara accompanied King Louis IX of France and Theobald II of Navarre during the Eighth Crusade and was with them in Tunis. He participated in this crusade without the consent of Alfonso X, but was nevertheless able to retain all of his lands and titles under his crown.
During the revolts of the nobility of 1272–1273, in which Juan Núñez I supported the positions of his father and other rebel magnates against the
At the beginning of 1273, Juan Núñez I de Lara, who had up until now acted as a mediating force together with the bishop of Cuenca between his father and the King, abandoned the Castilian crown and embraced his role as a rebellious noble. In winter of 1273, at the city of
Despite the betrayal of many of his nobles, it was Alfonso's wish to pursue his goal of attaining the Fecha del Imperio (title of the
In 1273, Juan Núñez I de Lara formed part of the embassy sent by Alfonso X to Pope Gregory X. During this trip, the Castilian monarch attempted unsuccessfully to convince the Pope to support his claims to the Imperial Roman throne. Instead, the pope attempted to convince Alfonso X to drop this ambition.
He was further present at the Cortes de Toledo of 1275, where he assisted his father and brother in their goals and where Alfonso X entrusted the government of his kingdom to his firstborn son, the infante
During the absence of
After the death of Ferdinand de la Cerda, the infante
In early September 1275, Nuño González de Lara "el Bueno", Juan Núñez I's father died at the
After the death of his father, Juan Núñez I inherited the title of the Head of the
Juan Núñez I abandoned the
After Alfonso X and Peter III of Aragon came to an agreement at Vistas de Campillo that the Aragonese monarch would renounce his rights over the Señorío de Albarracín, the infante Sancho IV, who had become an enemy of his father on the issue of the Cerda infantes, solicited the Aragonese monarch to support his claims to the Castilian throne in return for his reinstatement to lordship over Albarracin.
In 1283, Juan Núñez I, together with his son,
Actions during the reign of Sancho IV El Bravo (1276–1294)
On 29 September 1284, after many months of siege by the Aragonese troops of King Peter III of Aragon on the city of Albarracín gave in and was occupied by the Aragonese troops. After the Siege of Albarracín, the Aragonese monarch gave the city and the lordship of Albarracín to Fernando de Aragón, his illegitimate son by Inés Zapata. After the capitulation of Albarracín, Juan Núñez I continued to serve Philip III of France. In 1285, the troops of the House of Lara were defeated by the Aragonese.
In 1287, his eldest son,
In 1289, after coming to an agreement with Sancho IV over the towns of Moya and Cañete, Juan Núñez I returned to the
In April 1290, Juan Núñez I was with the king at Burgos when some members of the court alienated the lord of Lara by telling him that Sancho IV was plotting his death. They informed him that if he returned to the palace that he would be assassinated. For this reason, the Lord of Lara retired with his knights to the municipality of San Andrés de Arroyo. Once he was there, both the king and the queen attempted to assure him that they did not wish him any harm. Nevertheless, Lara decided against returning to court although he did accept a meeting with the queen, María de Molina in the city of Valladolid. Initially it seemed as if the king and the Lord of Lara had reached a quick agreement, however this was quickly thrown into confusion when the king agreed to truce with Diego López V de Haro, the sworn enemy of the House of Lara. Juan Núñez I again abandoned the court and fled to the Kingdom of Navarre and afterwards to the Kingdom of Aragon.
Shortly after moving to the Kingdom of Aragon, Juan Núñez I began to dedicate himself to the recuperation of the
By the end of 1290, Juan Núñez I had become angry with the King of Aragon for although he had been promised the return of lordship over Albarracín, it became evident that this deal would never happen. Eventually, Juan Núñez I accepted repeated offers by Sancho IV and returned to the Kingdom of Castile. Before his return to Castile, he had his son, Juan Núñez II, marry
.Soon after this incident, Juan Núñez I allied himself with
In 1292, Juan Núñez I once again became the enemy of Sancho IV of Castile and fled the Kingdom of Castile. He again went to France where he took refuge in the service of Philip IV of France. After an embassy sent by Sancho IV to Philip IV however, the French monarch stopped supporting the Cerda brothers' claim to the throne and also stopped his support for Juan Núñez I, all of whom were refuging in France.
In August 1292, Isabel Alfonso de Molina, the daughter in law of Juan Núñez I with his son, Juan Núñez II de Lara, and the daughter of Sancho IV, died. His familial obligations to Sancho IV officially cut off, Juan Núñez I's son, Juan Núñez II de Lara wasted no time and joined his father in rebellion against the king together with the king's brother, John of Castile. During the following conflict, Juan Núñez II and John of Castile were defeated. The king's brother fled to the Kingdom of Portugal and Juan Núñez II was obliged to seek reconciliation with Sancho IV. Shortly after, Juan Núñez I returned to the Kingdom of Castile and offered his services to Sancho IV to fight against his former ally, John of Castile who together with Juan Alfonso de Meneses, lord of Alburquerque, had invaded the kingdom. While Sancho IV made his way to the front to meet with James II of Aragon, Juan Núñez I began fighting John of Castile who defeated him and made him prisoner in a battle that took place in the municipality of Zamorano de Peleas. Shortly after this defeat, Juan Núñez II de Lara who had accompanied the king to meet with James II of Aragon, abandoned the royal caravan and left for the Kingdom of Portugal to solicit the release of his father.
For his part, Juan Núñez I who had been held prisoner by John of Castile, persuaded John that he would aid him in his recuperation of the
After returning to Castile, Sancho IV absolved him any oath paid to John of Castile and the Lord of Lara traveled to his lands in Castile. Shortly after,
Death and Sepulcher
Juan Núñez I de Lara died in
Marriage and Descendants
Juan's first marriage occurred sometime before the year 1260 with Teresa Álvarez de Azagra.[13][14] She was the daughter of Álvaro Pérez de Azagra, Vassal of Santa María and lord of Albarracín, and his wife, Inés, the illegitimate daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre. One son was born to the couple:
- Álvaro Núñez de Lara (c. 1261 – 1287).
His second marriage was with
- Juan Núñez II de Lara (c. 1276 – 1315).
- Nuño González de Lara (c. 1284 – 1296).
- Juana Núñez de Lara (1285–1351).
- Teresa Núñez de Lara y Haro (c. 1280 - c. 1314).
Historical Controversy
Luis de Salazar y Castro, a 17th-century writer focusing on historical genealogy, was mistaken in his chronicling of the House of Lara in naming four separate people named Juan Núñez de Lara. He mistakenly created two "Juan Núñez I"s, one who died in 1294 and another who died in 1276. In actuality the two are one and the same. Juan Núñez I died in 1294 but was exiled to France in 1276, an event which Castro misinterpreted as a death. In his writings, Salazar y Castro attributes to the second fictitious "Juan Núñez", a marriage with Teresa Álvarez de Azagra from which matrimony are born Juan Núñez II de Lara A.K.A. el Mozo and Juana Núñez de Lara. This marriage and its offspring were products of the Juan Núñez I of which this article writes about and historically it has only been proven that three Juan Núñez de Laras ever existed, heading the House of Lara from 1275 to 1350. This position is backed by a majority of historians.
See also
- House of Lara
- House of Haro
- Sancho IV of Castile
- Señorío de Albarracín
- Siege of Albarracín (1284)
References
- ^ Further evidence that it was Juan Núñez I who married Teresa Alvarez Azagra, who herself inherited the lordship of Albarracin, not his son of the same name because he acts in this capacity with his brother. Juan Núñez' son had no brother of that name in historical record. (see controversy section)
- ^ de Salazar, Luis (1697). "VI". In Mateo de Llanos y Guzmán (ed.). Historia genealógica de la Casa de Lara. Vol. 3. Madrid. p. 117.
- ISBN 84-344-6758-5.
- ISSN 0210-7716. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ISSN 0210-7716. Retrieved 26 February 2006.
- ISBN 84-344-6758-5.
- ^ In this service, he was referred to asVassalus Sancte Marie et Domunus Dalvarezin in reference to his title as señor de Albarracín obtained from his marriage with Teresa Álvarez de Azagra.
- ^ de Salazar, Luis (1697). "VIII". In Mateo de Llanos y Guzmán (ed.). Historia genealógica de la Casa de Lara. Vol. 3. Madrid. p. 132.
- ^ de Salazar, Luis (1697). p. 136.
- ^ de Salazar, Luis (1697). p. 139.
- ^ de Salazar, Luis (1697). p. 143.
- ISSN 0211-5255.
- ^ Juramento público y solemne de los fueros de Albarracín y su tierra hecho por Teresa Pérez de Azagra y confirmados por su marido Juan Núñez I de Lara
- ^ Historia del Señorío de Albarracín (José Luis Castán Esteban)[permanent dead link]
Bibliography
- Del Arco y Garay, Ricardo (1954). Sepulcros de la Casa Real de Castilla. Madrid: Instituto Jerónimo Zurita. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.
- de Ayala Martínez, Carlos; Pascal Baresi; Philippe Josserand (2001). Casa de Velázquez (ed.). Identidad y representación de la frontera en la España medieval (siglos XI-XIV). Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. ISBN 84-95555-21-2.
- Estepa Díez, Carlos (2006). "Doña Juana Núñez y el señorío de los Lara". Revue interdisciplinaire d'études hispaniques médiévales (1). París: SEMH-Sorbonne. hdl:10261/15148.
- García Fitz, Francisco (2002). Universidad de Sevilla. Servicio de Publicaciones (ed.). Relaciones políticas y guerra. La experiencia castellano-leonesa frente al Islam. Siglos XI-XIII (1ª ed.). Sevilla: Grafitrés S. L. ISBN 84-472-0708-0.
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- Masnata y de Quesada, David E. (1985). "La Casa Real de la Cerda". Estudios Genealógicos y Heráldicos (1). Madrid: Asociación Española de Estudios Genealógicos y Heráldicos: 169–229. ISBN 84-398-3591-4.
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- ISBN 84-338-2453-8.
- Sánchez de Mora, Antonio; La nobleza castellana en la plena Edad Media: el linaje de Lara (ss. XI-XIII); Tesis Doctoral en el Departamento de Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas, Facultad de Geografía e Historia; Universidad de Sevilla (España); 2003. Revisión crítica, fundada en documentos y análisis socio-económico, de los hechos e hipótesis sobre la Casa de Lara.
- Sánchez de Mora, Antonio (2004). "Nuño González de Lara: "El más poderoso omne que sennor ouiese e más honrado de Espanna"". Historia, Instituciones, Documentos. Universidad de Sevilla: Departamento de Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas (31). Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla: 631–644. ISSN 0210-7716. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ISBN 84-8460-277-X.
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