Kadro

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Kadro
CategoriesPolitical magazine
FrequencyMonthly
Founder
First issueJanuary 1932
Final issueDecember 1934
CountryTurkey
Based inAnkara
LanguageTurkish
Websitewww.kadrodergisi.com

Kadro was an influential

left-nationalist and left-Kemalist magazine published in Turkey between January 1932 and December 1934.[1][2]
The title of Kadro translates from Turkish as "cadre" (referring to the "cadre" of intellectuals who were to be the vanguard of the permanent Turkish revolution).

History and profile

Kadro was first published in January 1932.

Burhan Asaf Belge, İsmail Hüsrev Tökin and Mehmet Şevki Yazman.[2]

Kadro came out monthly.[3] It increased its criticism over the bureaucrats of the ruling party, Republican People's Party, which led to its closure in 1934.[4]

Ideology

Kadro believed that a Turkish revolution would occur in two stages: the battle to achieve political sovereignty, achieved in the

anti-imperialist Turkish War of Independence
, and an ongoing battle to liberate the economy and society from imperialist influence. To this end, the Kadro theorists borrowed heavily from Marxist theory.

Kadro's economic and political theories were influenced by a mix of the elements of the

social nationalism." Kadro was highly critical of Italian fascism and Nazism, condemning fascism as a racist and imperialist ideology designed to benefit the bourgeoisie of the industrialized nations. However, it also criticized the Marxist rejection of nationalism, arguing national liberation is more than a means to the end and emphasizing the importance of economic self-determination of non-industrialized and colonized nations. The Kadro's interpretation of nationalism can also be seen as a form of social patriotism.[5]

The theorists advocated absolute state control of the economy (

Kemalist ideology),[6] believing that Turkey could overcome the problem of class conflict
if the state never developed a middle and upper class. If the state was in charge of development, class conflict would not arise, as capital would be in the hands of the state, not specific classes.

Kadro was important as it sought to provide Kemalist Turkey with a solid theoretical underpinning. Although Kadro policies were never absolutely adapted, Turkey did pursue a state-centered development strategy. The magazine Kadro led to the creation of a so called Kadro movement consisting of left-wing political theorists and its journalists took part in the nightly political debates organized by Atatürk.[7]

Although it claimed to be supportive of the government and opposed socialism and communism in principle, many members of Kadro, like Ayedemir, were former TKP members. The magazine was shut down in 1934;

Celal Bayar
) worked against the Kadro theories, which they found far too leftist.

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-4419-7750-2
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e Banu İdrisoğlu (2016). Left-Leaning Interpretations of Kemalism within the Scope of Three Journals: Kadro, Markopaşa and Yön (MA thesis). Leiden University. p. 12.
  3. ^
    hdl:11693/29409
    .
  4. ISBN 978-3-030-39029-7
    .
  5. ^ Türkeş, Mustafa (October 1998). "The Ideology of the Kadro [Cadre] Movement: A Patriotic Leftist Movement in Turkey". Middle Eastern Studies. 34 (4): 92–119. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  6. ISBN 0865319863
    .
  7. ^
    ISBN 1-85043300-3
    .

Further reading

External links

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