Karl Seitz
Karl Seitz | |
---|---|
Second President of the National Council | |
In office 15 December 1920 – 20 November 1923 | |
Preceded by | Matthias Eldersch |
Succeeded by | Matthias Eldersch |
President of the Constituent National Assembly | |
In office 5 March 1919 – 9 November 1920 | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Office abolished |
President of the Provisional National Assembly | |
In office 21 October 1918 – 16 February 1919 Serving with Franz Dinghofer, Jodok Fink /Johann Hauser | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Office abolished |
Personal details | |
Born | Vienna, Austria-Hungary | 4 September 1869
Died | 3 February 1950 Vienna, Austria | (aged 80)
Political party | Social Democratic Workers' Party |
Spouse | Emilie Heindl |
Karl Josef Seitz (German pronunciation: [kaʁl ˈzaɪts] ⓘ; 4 September 1869 – 3 February 1950) was an Austrian politician of the Social Democratic Workers' Party. He served as member of the Imperial Council, President of the National Council and Mayor of Vienna.[1]
Early life
Seitz was born in Vienna, the capital of Austria-Hungary. He was the son of a struggling small-time coal trader. After the premature death of his father, in 1875, the family was thrown into abject poverty, and Seitz had to be sent off to an orphanage.
He, nonetheless, received adequate education and earned a scholarship so that he could enroll in a teacher-training college in the city of
Already an outspoken social democrat, he was disciplined several times for his political activism. His founding of a Social Democratic teachers' union in 1896 led to his delegation into the Lower Austrian Board of Education in 1897, which then led to his termination as a teacher later that year.
Early political career
Seitz now turned to full-time politics and established himself as one of the party's most eminent experts on educational policy. In 1901, Seitz was elected to the
Seitz entered history in 1918, when Austria-Hungary was breaking down, and its disintegration into smaller independent
President
Almost simultaneously, Seitz was also appointed provisional chairman of the
Following the implementation of the definitive
Mayor of Vienna
On 13 November 1923, he was elected Mayor of Vienna.[2]
The extensive and competently administered public welfare and education programs that he implemented, particularly promoting the building of residences, were very popular, even by his party's opponents, and they were positively remembered for decades.
Personal life
Karl Seitz married Emma Seidel, daughter of Amalie Seidel, one of the first women members of the Austrian parliament.
Later life
With the rise of the Fatherland Front in 1934 and the Social Democracts' failed insurrection against the federal government, the Social Democratic Worker's Party was outlawed. Having thus lost his party chairmanship, Seitz was also removed from his post as a mayor, taken into custody and released without charge a few weeks later. Even though a majority of Viennese considered his removal from office illegitimate, Seitz's political career had essentially been brought to an end.
Continuing to live in Vienna, Seitz witnessed the Anschluss with Nazi Germany in 1938 and the outbreak of World War II in 1939. There were contacts with the important resistance group (Maier-Mesner group, CASSIA) around the later-executed priest Heinrich Maier, who was in contact with the American secret service OSS. Maier had set up an information network to receive important information and to realise political plans for after the war.[3] In 1944, he was placed under arrest a second time and for a time was even imprisoned in the Ravensbrück concentration camp, only to again return to Vienna when Nazi Germany eventually collapsed in May 1945. Though now ill, Seitz served the newly established Social Democratic Party of Austria as its honorary chairman and a nominal National Council member until his death, at the age of 80.[2]
References
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ a b "Karl Seitz (1869-1950)". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
- ^ Fritz Molden: Die Feuer in der Nacht. Opfer und Sinn des österreichischen Widerstandes 1938-1945. Amalthea, Vienna 1988, p 122; Christoph Thurner "The CASSIA Spy Ring in World War II Austria: A History of the OSS's Maier-Messner Group" (2017), pp 14; Hansjakob Stehle: Die Spione aus dem Pfarrhaus. In: Die Zeit. 5.1.1996.
External links
- Media related to Karl Seitz at Wikimedia Commons
- Newspaper clippings about Karl Seitz in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW