Khanum
Khanum, Hanum, Hanım, Khanom, or Khanoum (
Rourans were the first people who used the titles Khagan and Khan for their emperors, replacing the Chanyu of the Xiongnu, whom René Grousset and others assume to be Turkic.[4]
In Modern
efendi
.
Today, the term is used as a way to respectfully address women of any social rank. "Khanum" can be understood as equivalent of "madam", or more colloquially, "ma'am" in some Ottoman and Turkic influenced countries.
In
Baluchistan and North India, Khanum has been adapted for use as an honorific for Muslim women of high social status.[citation needed
]
See also
References
- ^ The Illustrated Weekly of India, Volume 90. Times of India Press. 1969. p. 4.
In the original meaning "begum" and "khanum" are the feminine equivalents or counterparts of "beg" and "khan"—like the English "lord" and "lady".
- ^ Henning, W. B., 'A Farewell to the Khagan of the Aq-Aqataran',"Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African studies – University of London", Vol 14, No 3, p 501–522
- ^ Zhou 1985, p. 3–6
- ISBN 0-8135-1304-9.