Killing of Yehuda Shoham

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Killing of Yehuda Shoham
Part of the
Eli, West Bank
Date5 June 2001; 23 years ago (2001-06-05)
Attack type
Stoning attack
WeaponsLarge rock
DeathsYehuda Shoham
PerpetratorsUnknown

The killing of Yehuda Shoham occurred on 5 June 2001 as the result of a

brain damage on 11 June 2001.[1][2]

This stoning attack and the infant's death, six days later, made headlines in Israel.[3][4][5] Both incidents were part of a Second Intifada that started in September, 2000 and by 12 June 2001 had claimed the lives of 489 Palestinians and 109 Israelis.[6]

Attack

The incident occurred as Benny and Batsheva Shoham and their only child Yehuda approached Eli after paying a shiva call in Ra'anana.[4]

Near Eli, Palestinians hiding at the roadside hurled rocks at the car which broke through the car's windscreen and crushed the infant's skull.[4] The father continued driving, worried about an ambush, and at a nearby intersection, the couple noticed their baby's head injuries.[5] Batsheva performed mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on Yehuda until the arrival of paramedics.[4]

Yehuda was taken to an intensive care unit at the Hadassah Hospital in Jerusalem, where he lay unconscious and with severe head injuries. He was attached to a respirator for nearly a week before dying of severe brain damage on 11 July.[1][4][5][7][8]

During his time in the hospital, Yehuda's parents gave him a second name, "Chaim," which means life, hoping that he would live.[9] While in the hospital, Yehuda was visited by then Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon.[10]

Background

The Second Intifada, which began 8 months earlier, marked a period of intensified Palestinian-Israeli violence. On 22 May, Sharon declared a unilateral ceasefire and refrained from retaliating against Palestinian attacks. On Friday, 1 June, a suicide bombing outside a Tel Aviv disco occurred which killed 21 people, mainly Israeli teenagers who had immigrated from Russia.[11] The day after, Saturday, June 2, Yasser Arafat's call for a cease-fire staved off Israeli retaliation.[12]

Aftermath

In the meantime, Israel took a variety of measures to reduce tension, with Defense Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer citing a "significant reduction in the number of attacks". Though Palestinians would be subject to strict closure confining them to their towns, Israel eased some travel restrictions and Palestinians were to be allowed to return from Jordan and Egypt, raw materials would be permitted to enter and exit the Palestinian territories, and Palestinians would be allowed to return to their jobs in an industrial zone near the Erez crossing point. Palestinian security commanders traveled to trouble spots in the Gaza Strip to consult with local officers over the cease-fire enforcement.[12]

When news of Yehuda's wounding spread on Tuesday, 5 June, far-right settlers urged

B'tselem, in the presence of, and according to local testimony, with the assistance of the IDF, fired a wheat harvest, a hothouse, a carpentry shop and a school, stole tools and shot a Palestinian youth in the stomach[15] or the leg.[13]

There were rock-throwing battles between settlers and Palestinians at the site of the attack on the Shohams' car during which one Israeli and seven Palestinians were injured.[16][17] In addition, settlers in Hebron also attacked local Palestinian shopkeepers. The settlers had been a focal target of Palestinian militancy during an eight-month uprising.[18] Two settlers were arrested by Israeli police as a result of the riots.[6]

Though reluctant to become involved in the conflict, the U.S. dispatched C.I.A. director

Mohammad Dahlan in mid-April, and had fired on the home of their West Bank security chief Jibril Rajoub in late May.[13]

Tenet's visit backed up an effort by the

Mohammed al-Dura had been shot dead. The news was seen as a blow to the restoration of trust. Thousands of demonstrators protested in Jerusalem against what they termed Sharon's "restraint policy".[13] That same evening, Palestinians were outraged when Sharon called Arafat a "murderer" and "pathological liar" in an interview addressing the Russian community that had been angered at his failure to retaliate for the disco bombing. The broadcast was carried on Israeli television. Though given the red-carpet treatment abroad, he added, Arafat did not act like a head of state but rather like the chief of terrorists and murderers.[12]

On Thursday, 7 June, speaking to reporters at a rally urging Ariel Sharon to retaliate for the attack on Yehuda and other recent attacks, Yehuda's father said "Unfortunately, our government is showing a lot of weakness in its response to terrorism".[19] He also declared:

This is our land, these are our roads, and if we are afraid of driving to Tel Aviv [Tel Aviv] and Netanya [Netanya] also.[4]

Negotiations, funeral and reactions

Tenet's meeting with both sides was postponed until Sunday, June 10, after the Americans realized the extent of their differences. Matters were buffeted by the killing of three

28 September 2000. He asked Palestinians to thwart attacks on Israeli positions, to end what Israelis view as incitement in the media, and to proceed to arrest militant gunmen.[20]

On Monday, 11 June, the day Yehuda died, Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres met the Palestinian minister for international co-operation, Nabil Shaath in Luxembourg to explore a compromise. Tenet eventually presided over a tense 4-hour meeting the following day, which was broken off after the gaps failed to be bridged. The Israelis insisted on the arrest of people they suspected of terrorism before they would allow a cooling-off period, while the Palestinians demanded that security arrangements be followed by an Israeli pledge to freeze to all construction in settlements in the occupied territories.[21] The Palestinians refused to conduct what they called arbitrary arrests. The chief of staff of the Israeli army, General Shaul Mofaz, called the truce itself an optical illusion.[20]

The funeral procession for Yehuda began with settlers gathering in front of Ariel Sharon's office in Jerusalem[11] with the child's body carried before them.[22] As Sharon stepped up to a podium to address them, settlers shouted "Vengeance!" and "Go to war".[6] Prime Minister Sharon spoke to the funeral procession outside his office,[11] and, acknowledging the settlers' impatience with a ceasefire,[6] said:

If we stand firm and grit our teeth, and carry on even when the tears are choking us, we will win...[11] I am not here to make a speech, but to weep, to weep together with you. May the memory of Yehuda be blessed.[citation needed]

Sharon also asked for prayers for the infant, and accused the

Eretz Yisrael]."[23] In a letter to the United Nations, Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations Yehuda Lancry outlined Israel's position, which affirmed that the death of Yehuda Shoham constituted a "reprehensible act of terrorism" that took place just over two weeks after Israel had declared that it would refrain from initiating military action against Palestinians, and barely a week after Yassir Arafat had undertaken to fight violence and terrorism.[24]

In Yehuda's memory, his parents decided to collect donations for dormitories at the yeshiva in Shiloh.[citation needed] His parents also established the Yehuda Fund in January 2002 "in their son's memory."[25]

See also

References

  1. ^
    mfa.gov.il
    . Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  2. ^ "The Deadly Reality of Palestinian Rock Throwing". Israel Defense Forces. 24 February 2014. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  3. ^ "Caught in the cross fire". The Washington Times. Associated Press. 11 September 2002. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Lefkovits, Etgar (7 June 2001). "'It's as if we've been abandoned'". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d e Reeves, Phil (12 June 2001). "Settlers' baby dies after Palestinian stoning". The Independent. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  6. ^ a b c d Sevareid, Susan (7 June 2001). "Injury to baby triggers rampage by Israeli settlers". The Seattle Times. Reuters contributed to this report. p. A10.
  7. ^ Halle, Charlotte. "Disproportionate number of Anglos slain; Olmert praises families' dignity". Haaretz. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  8. ISBN 0874951178
    .
  9. ^ "'Arafat must be defeated,' protesters say. Three Israelis wounded in shooting near Ramallah; Shilo baby fights to survive after stoning". The Jerusalem Post. 7 June 2001.
  10. ^ Philips, Alan (12 June 2001). "Israeli settlers mourn baby killed in stoning". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  11. ^ a b c d "Settlers blame Sharon for baby's death". Hobart Mercury. 13 June 2001. p. 14.
  12. ^ a b c Mark Lavie, "U.S. sending CIA director for security talks", Lubbock Avalanche-Journal, 6 June 2001.
  13. ^ a b c d e "Settler rampage makes CIA chief's peace mission harder". The Scotsman. 7 June 2001. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  14. ^ Nomi Morris (7 June 2001). "Settlers attack Palestinian village - Injury to baby triggers fury". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  15. B'tselem
    , October 2001, pp 9-11:'Israeli security forces were present throughout the events but did not prevent the violence. In fact, they prevented Palestinians from defending themselves, and even joined the settlers in their violence. Testimonies given to B'Tselem indicate that the soldiers also prohibited fire engines and ambulances from reaching the scene.'
  16. ^ "Sharon attack blows away uneasy calm". The Birmingham Post. 7 June 2001.
  17. ^ Jayson Keyser (6 June 2001). "Sharon supporters warn they're tired of Israeli restraint". Associated Press Archive. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  18. ^ Nomi Morris (7 June 2001). "Settlers attack Palestinian village - Injury to baby triggers fury". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  19. ^ "Israelis urge Sharon to End Restraint Plan". Press of Atlantic City. 7 June 2001. p. A3.
  20. ^ a b c Mid-East ceasefire talks break up, BBC News 11 Monday 2001.
  21. ^ a b Frantz, Douglas (12 June 2001). "Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations Break Off After 4 Hours". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  22. ^ "Jewish settlers in West Bank urge revenge for dead baby". Chicago Sun-Times. 12 June 2001. p. 25. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014.
  23. ^ Harow, Ari (14 June 2001). "My Cousin Yehuda". Aish. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  24. ^ "Letter dated 11 June 2001 from the Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General" (PDF). UN. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
  25. ^ "Yehuda Fund". Yehuda Fund. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
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