Lakshmana Sena

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Lokkhon Sen
Sena king
Reign1178–1206
Predecessor
Vishvarupa Sen

Madhava Sena

Ballala Sena
MotherRamadevi
Sena dynasty
1070 CE–1230 CE
Samanta Sena –
Ballala Sena
 1158–1179
Lakshmana Sena 1179–1206
Vishvarupa Sena 1206–1225
Keshava Sena 1225–1230

Lokkhon Sen or Lakshmana Sena (

Sena dynasty of the Bengal region on the Indian subcontinent
. His rule lasted for 28 years.

Reign

See also: Sena-Gahadavala Conflicts

Lakshmana Sena succeeded his father

Ballala Sena.[1] The history of his reign can be reconstructed from the epigraphs of his time that include the Deopara Prashasti stone inscriptions and copper plates from his successors. Tabaqt-i-Nasiri
, composed by 1260, is another source of information about his reign.

In his youth, Lakshmana Sena led military campaigns against

Gahadavala King Jayachandra), and helped his grandfather Vijaya Sena
and father Ballala Sena to expand the borders of the Sena kingdom. However, he ascended to the throne of Bengal himself at an advanced age.

Lakshmana Sena was interested in literature and composed a number of Sanskrit poems. He completed Adbhuta Sagara, a book incompletely written by his father. He assembled some of the major figures in contemporary Sanskrit literature — Jayadeva, Dhoyin and Sharan — as his court poets. Among his other courtiers, Sridharadasa, Halayudh Mishra and Umapati Dhara also produced important treatises and works of literature.[2] Lakshman Sena established a calendar era called Lakshmana Era that was used in Bengal and Bihar for at least 400 years.[3][4] He also founded the prominent medieval city of Lakhnauti.[4]

He was a devoted Vaishnava and took up titles like Paramavaisnava or Paramanarasingha to reflect that.[2] Lakshmansena's generosity even attracted the attention of Minhaj-us-Siraj, the author of the , who designated him as a 'great Rai' of Bengal and compared him with Sultan Qutubuddin.[2]

After subjugating Bihar in 1200,[5] Turko-Afghan invader Bakhtiyar Khaliji's forces entered Nabadwip in Bengal. Subsequently, Bakhtiyar went on to capture the capital and the principal city, Lakhnauti.[6]

Bakhtiyar marched against Bengal with a band of well-trained horsemen.[2] He was at first treated in Nadia as a horse-dealer.[2] At that time Lakshmana Sena was an octogenarian.[2] The old Sena king, who was then at his dinner, was completely taken by surprise.[2] When Bakhtiyar captured Nadia, Lakshmana Sena withdrew to southeastern Bengal, where his sons continued the rule of Senas for the some time.[2] The detailed account of this invasion is given in Tabaqat-i-Nasiri.[7] However the laudatory verse of Sarana refers to Lakshmana Sena's victory against a Mlechchha king, who may be regarded as a Muslim ruler in Bengal.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ MAJUMDAR, R.C. (1971). HISTORY OF ANCIENT BENGAL. G.BHARWADWAJ, CALCUTTA. p. 231.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Misra, Chitta Ranjan. "Laksmanasena". Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  3. ^ F., Kielhorn (1890). "The Epoch of the Lakshmanasena Era". The Indian Antiquary, A Journal of Oriental Research. XIX.
  4. ^ a b Sarkar, Anil Kumar (October 2013). "History of Bengal as Reflected in the Tabaqat-i-Nasiri of Minhaj Uddin us Siraj". TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies. 5: 31.
  5. OCLC 924890
    . Bakhtyār led his army a second time in the direction of Bihar in the year... 1200 A.D.
  6. OCLC 924890
    . Bakhtyār fairly completed his conquest of the Varendra tract with the ... city of Gaur before the year 599 A.H.
  7. ^ MAJUMDAR, R.C. (1971). HISTORY OF ANCIENT BENGAL. G.BHARADWAJ, CALCUTTA. p. 234.
  8. ^ MAJUMDAR, R.C. (1971). HISTORY OF ANCIENT BENGAL. G. BHARADWAJ, CALCUTTA. p. 235.
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